"S" Famous People

These pages are designed to evaluate and consider the lives of famous people and their effects upon current trends. Please scroll to the bottom of this page and discover the probable cumulative result.

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1 Saar, Ferdinand von (1833-1906) Writer, born in Vienna, Austria. Saarinen, Eero (1910-61) Architect, born in Kirkknonummi, Finland. Saarinen, (Gottlieb) Eliel (1873-1950) Architect, born in Rantasalmi, EC Finland. Saatchi & Saatchi Advertisers: Charles Saatchi (1943- ) and Maurice... Sabath, Adolph J (1866-1952) US representative, born in Zabori, Bohemia. Emigrating as a teenager... Sabatier, Paul (1854-1941) Chemist, born in Carcassonne, S France. Sabatini, Rafael (1875-1950) Writer, born in Jesi, EC Italy. Writing in English... Saba, Umberto (1883-1957) Poet, born in Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, NE Italy. Sabin, Albert (Bruce) (1906-93) Immunologist, born in Bialystok, Poland (formerly, Russia). Sabine, Sir Edward (1788-1883) Physicist, astronomer, and explorer, born in Dublin, Ireland. Sabine, Wallace Clement (Ware) (1868-1919) Physicist, the founder of architectural acoustics, born in Richwood... Sabin, Florence (Rena) (1871-1953) Physician and medical researcher, born in Central City, Colorado, USA. Sacagawea, (?1784-?1812) Shoshone interpreter and guide... Sacchetti, Franco (c.1332-1400) Writer, born in Dubrovnik, S Croatia. A merchant... Sacchetti, Roberto (1847-81) Writer, born in Montechiaro d'Asti, Piedmont, N Italy. Sacchi, Andrea (1599-1661) Painter, born in Netturo, near Rome, WC Italy. Sacco and Vanzetti Anarchists, accused robbers... Sachar, Abram L(eon) (1899-1993) Historian and university president, born in New York City, New York... Sacher-Masoch, Leopold von (1836-95) Lawyer and writer, born in Lemberg, Galicia... Sacheverell, Henry (c.1674-1724) Political preacher, born in Marlborough, Wiltshire, S England, UK. Sacheverell, William (1638-91) English politician, sometimes called the ‘First Whig’. Sachs, Bernard, (1858-1944) Neurologist, born in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Sachs, Curt (1881-1959) Musicologist, born in Berlin, Germany. After studies in art and music... Sachs, (Ferdinand Gustav) Julius von (1832-97) Botanist, born in Wroclaw, SW Poland (formerly Breslau, Prussia). Sachs, Hans (1494-1576) Poet, playwright, and composer, born in Nuremberg, SC Germany. Sachs, Jeffrey D(avid) (1954- ) Economist, born in Detroit, Michigan, USA. Sachs, Nelly (Leonie) (1891-1970) Poet and playwright, born in Berlin, Germany. Of Jewish descent... Sachs, Paul Joseph (1878-1965) Art connoisseur and educator, born in New York City, New York, USA. Sack, Israel (1883-1959) Antiques dealer, born in Kaunas, Lithuania. Sackler, Arthur M (1913-87) Psychiatrist and art collector, born in New York City, New York, USA. Sacks, Oliver (Wolf) (1933- ) Neurologist and writer, born in London, UK. Educated at Oxford... Sackville, Thomas, 1st Earl of Dorset (1536-1608) English statesman and poet, born in Buckhurst, Sussex, England, UK. Sackville-West, Vita, (1892-1962) Poet and novelist, born at Knole, Kent, SE England, UK. Saco e Arce, Xoan Antonio (1836-81) Galician poet and scholar, born in San Martiño de Alongos... Sacristán, José (1937- ) Actor, born in Chinchón, Madrid, Spain. Sadat, (Mohammed) Anwar el- (1918-81) Egyptian statesman and president (1970-81), born in the Tala district... Sade, Marquis de 1740-1814 Author. Born Donatien Alphonse François, Comte de Sade, on June 2... Sadi or Saadi, (c.1184-?1292) Poet, born in Iran. He studied at Baghdad, travelled much... Sadler, Michael Thomas (1780-1835) Factory reformer, born in Snelston, Derbyshire, C England, UK. Sadler, Sir Michael Ernest (1861-1943) Pioneer of secondary education, born in Barnsley, South Yorkshire... Sadtler, Samuel Philip (1847-1923) Educator and chemist, born in Schuylkill Co, Pennsylvania, USA. Saenredam, Pieter Jansz(oon) (1597-1665) Painter, born in Assendelft, The Netherlands. The son of an engraver... Saffi, Aurelio (1819-90) Italian patriot and politician, born in Forlì, Emilia-Romagna... Safire, William L. 1929- Journalist, political columnist. Sagan, Carl (Edward) (1934-96) Astronomer and writer, born in New York City, USA. Sagan, Françoise (1935- ) Novelist, born in Paris, France. Educated privately... Sagarra, Josep Maria de (1894-1961) Catalan playwright, poet, and novelist, born in Barcelona, NE Spain. Sage, Kay (Katherine) Linn (1898-1963) Painter, born in Albany, New York, USA... Sage, Mrs Russell, (1828-1918) Philanthropist, born in Syracuse, New York, USA. Sage, Russell (1816-1906) Financier, born in Oneida Co, New York, USA.

2 Sage ten Broek, Joachim George le (1775-1847) Dutch lawyer, born in Groningen, N Netherlands. Saha, Meghnad (1894-1956) Astrophysicist, born near Dacca, W Bangladesh (formerly India). Sahlins, Marshall David (1930- ) Cultural anthropologist, born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Said, Edward W(adi) (1935- ) Writer, educator, and political activist, born in Jerusalem, Israel. Sailer, Toni (Anton) (1935- ) Alpine skier, born in Kitzbühel, W Austria. In 1956... Sainsbury (of Drury Lane), Alan John Sainsbury, Baron (1902-98) Retailer, born in London, UK... Saint-Amant, (Marc-) Antoine de Girard, sieur de (Lord of) (1594-1661) Poet, born in Rouen, NW France. A Protestant adventurer... Saint-Denis, Michel (Jacques Duchesne) (1897-1971) Theatre director, actor, and teacher, born in Beauvais, N France. Sainte-Beuve, Charles Augustin (1804-69) Literary critic, born in Boulogne, NW France. He studied at Paris... Sainte-Claire Deville, Henri Etienne (1818-81) Chemist, born in St Thomas, West Indies. Saint, Eva Marie (1924- ) Film actress, born in Newark, New Jersey, USA. Saint-Evremond, Charles Marguetel de Saint Denis, seigneur de (Lord of) (1613/14-1703) Polemicist and gentleman of letters, born in Saint-Denis-le-Gast... Saint-Exupéry, Antoine (Marie Roger) de (1900-44) Airman and writer, born in Lyon, SC France. Saint-Gaudens, Augustus (1848-1907) Sculptor, born in Dublin, Ireland. Saint-Gelais, Mellin (1491-1558) Poet, born in Angoulême, W France... Saint-Gelais, Octavien de (1466-1502) Writer, born in Cognac, W France. Saint-John Perse (1887-1975) Poet and diplomat, born in St Léger des Feuilles, Guadeloupe. Saint Joseph, John Kenneth Sinclair (1912-94) Aerial photographer and archaeologist, born in Hereford and Worcester... Saint-Just, Louis (Antoine Léon Florelle) de (1767-94) French revolutionary, born in Decize, C France. Saint Laurent, Louis (Stephen) (1882-1973) Canadian statesman and prime minister (1948-57), born in Compton... Saint-Laurent, Yves (Henri Donat Mathieu) (1936- ) Fashion designer, born in Oran, N Algeria. He studied in Paris... Saint Leger, Barry (1737-89) British army colonel, who fought in the American Revolution. Saint-Léon, (Charles Victor) Arthur (1821-71) Dancer, choreographer, and violinist, born in Paris, France. Saint-Pierre, Michel, marquis de (marquess of) (1916-87) Novelist, born in Blois, C France. After university... Saint-Pol-Roux, Pierre-Paul (1861-1940) Poet, born in Saint-Henri, near Marseille, S France. Saint-Preux (c.1945- ) French composer of light music. Saint-Saëns, (Charles) Camille (1835-1921) Composer and music critic, born in Paris, France. Saintsbury, George Edward Bateman (1845-1933) Literary critic and scholar, born in Southampton, Hampshire... Saint-Simon, Claude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de (Count of) (1760-1825) Social reformer, the founder of French Socialism, born in Paris... Saint-Simon, Louis de Rouvroy, duc de (Duke of) (1675-1755) Writer, born in Paris, France. After some time in the army... Saint Vincent, John Jervis, Earl (1735-1823) British naval commander, born in Stone, Staffordshire, C England, UK. Sakharov, Andrey (1921-89) Physicist, born in Moscow, Russia. He studied in Moscow... Saks, Gene, (1921- ) Stage and television actor, and director, born in New York City... Salacrou, Armand (1899-1989) Playwright, born in Rouen, NW France... Saladin (1137-93) Sultan of Egypt and Syria... Saladino, John F (1939- ) Interior decorator, born in Kansas City, Missouri, USA. Salam, Abdus (1926-96) Theoretical physicist, born in Jhang Maghiana, C Pakistan. Salandra, Antonio (1853-1931) Italian politician, prime minister (1914-16), and jurist... Salazar, Ambrosio de (1575?-after 1640) Spanish grammarian and man of letters, born in Murcia, SE Spain. Salazar, António de Oliviera (1889-1970) Portuguese dictator (1932-68), born near Coimbra, C Portugal... Salazar de Alarcón, Eugenio de (1530?-1612?) Poet and letter-writer, born in Madrid, Spain. Salcedo Coronel, José García de (1592?-1651) Poet, born in Sevilla, SW Spain. Salchow, (Karl Emil Julius) Ulrich (1877-1949) Swedish figure skater, born in Copenhagen, Denmark. Saleh, Ali Abdullah (1942- ) North Yemeni soldier and president (1978-90)... Sales, Soupy 1926- Comedian, television host. Born Milton Supman on January 28... Salgari, Emilio (1862-1911) Writer, born in Verona, Veneto, N Italy. A journalist... Salieri, Antonio (1750-1825) Composer, born in Verona, NE Italy. He arrived in Vienna at 16... Salinas de Castro, Juan de (1562?-1643) Poet, born in Sevilla, SW Spain. Salinas, Francisco (1513-90) Composer and musical theoretician, born in Burgos, NC Spain. Salinger, J. D. (Jerome David) 1919- writer; born in New York City

3 Salisachs, Mercedes (1916- ) Novelist, born in Barcelona, NE Spain. Salisbury, Harrison (1908-93) Journalist, born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. Salisbury, Rollin (D) (1858-1922) Geologist and geographer, born near Spring Prairie, Wisconsin, USA. Salisbury, Sir Edward James (1886-1978) Botanist, born in Harpenden, Hertfordshire, SE England, UK. Salk, Jonas (Edward) (1914-95) Immunologist, born in New York City, New York, USA. Salle, David (1952- ) Artist, born in Norman, Oklahoma, USA. The son of Russian immigrants... Sallé, Marie (1707-56) Dancer, born in Paris, France. A child performer... Sallinen, Aulis (1935- ) Composer, born in Salmi, SW Finland. Sallust, (86-34 BC) Historian and Roman politician, born in Amiternum, Samnium. Salmon, Robert (c.1775-c.1843) Painter, born in Scotland or England, UK. Salome (1st-c) The traditional name of the daughter of Herodias. Salomon, Haym (?1740-85) Revolutionary patriot and banker, born in Lissa, Prussia (now Leszno... Salote Tupou III (1900-65) Queen of Tonga, who succeeded her father, King George Tupou II... Salten, Felix (1869-1945) Novelist and essayist, born in Budapest, Hungary. He lived in Vienna... Saltonstall, Dudley (1738-96) US naval officer, born in New London, Connecticut, USA. Saltonstall, Leverett (1892-1979) US senator and governor, born in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA. Salt, Sir Titus (1803-76) Manufacturer and benefactor, born in Morley, West Yorkshire... Salutati, Lino Coluccio (1331-1406) Humanist, born in Stignano in Valdinievole, Tuscany, Italy. Salvador, Henri (1917- ) French comic singer, born in Cayenne, French Guiana. Salvat-Papasseit, Joan (1894-1924) Catalan poet, born in Barcelona, NE Spain. Self-taught... Salvemini, Gaetano (1873-1957) Italian politician and historian, born in Molfetta, Puglia, SE Italy. Salviati, Cecchino (1510-63) Painter, born in Florence, NC Italy. Salvi, Niccolò or Nicola (1697-1751) Sculptor, born in Rome, Italy. Samain, Albert (1859-1900) Poet, born in Lille, N France. Samaranch, Juan Antonio (1920- ) Sports administrator, born in Barcelona, NE Spain. Samonà, Carmelo (1926-90) Writer, born in Palermo, Sicily, S Italy. Samoset (?1590-?1653) Pemaquid diplomat, born on Monhegan I in present-day Maine, USA. Sampras, Pete 1971- Professional tennis player. Born August 12, 1971, in Washington, D.C. Sampson, Deborah (1760-1827) Revolutionary soldier and lecturer, born in Plympton, Massachusetts... Sampson, William (1764-1836) Lawyer and Irish patriot, born in Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK. Sampson, William Thomas (1840-1902) US naval officer, born in Palmyra, New York, USA. Samson (c.11th-c BC?) Biblical character, a legendary hero of the tribe of Dan... Samson, François (1924-70) French pianist and composer, born in Frankfurt, WC Germany. Samsonov, Alexander (1859-1914) Russian soldier. Samsova, Galina (1937- ) Ballet dancer and director, born in Russia. Samudragupta (?-c.380) North Indian emperor with a reputation as a warrior, poet... Samuel (11th-c BC) Biblical character, the last of the judges and first of the prophets... Samuel (of Mt Carmel and Toxteth), Herbert Louis Samuel, 1st Viscount (1870-1963) Liberal statesman and philosophical writer, born in Liverpool... Samuelson, Joan Benoit (1957- ) Marathon runner, born in Portland, Maine, USA. Samuelson, Paul (Anthony) (1915- ) Economist, born in Gary, Indiana, USA. Samuelsson, Bengt (Ingemar) (1934- ) Biochemist, born in Halmstad, SW Sweden. Sánchez Barbero, Francisco (1764-1819) Poet and scholar, born in Moriñigo, Salamanca, W Spain. Sánchez de Arévalo, Ruy or Rodrigo (1404-70) Teacher and political writer, born in Arévalo, WC Spain. Sánchez de Talavera, Ferrnat (d. after 1443) Poet of the Cancionero de Baena whose name also occurs as... Sanchez, Francisco (c.1550-1623) Physician and philosopher, probably from Braga in Portugal. Sánchez, Luis Rafael (1936- ) Writer, born in Humacao, Puerto Rico, USA. Prolific essayist... Sánchez Mazas, Rafael (1894-1966) Novelist and poet, born in Madrid, Spain. Sanchez, Sonia (1934- ) Poet and writer, born in Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Sánchez, Tomása Antonio (1723-1802) Publisher, editor, scholar, polemicist, and pioneering archaeologist... Sánchez Vercial, Clemente (1370?-1426?) Doctrinal writer and compiler, and a canon of León Cathedral

4 Sanctorius (1561-1636) Physician and friend of Galileo, born in Koper... Sandage, Allan Rex (1926- ) Astronomer, born in Iowa City, Iowa, USA. Sandage, C(harles) H(arold) (1902-98) Advertising educator, born in Hatfield, Missouri, USA. Sandburg, Carl (August) (1878-1967) Poet, born in Galesburg, Illinois, USA. After trying various jobs... Sandby, Paul (1725-1809) Painter, born in Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, C England, UK... Sandby, Thomas (1721-98) Artist and architect, born in Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, C England... Sandeau, Jules (1811-83) Novelist and playwright, born in Aubusson, SC France. Sand, Ebbe (1972- ) Footballer, born in Hadsund, Jutland, Denmark. Sande, Earl (1898-1968) Jockey, born in Groton, South Dakota, USA. Sander, August (1876-1964) Photographer, born in Herdorf, WC Germany. Sanders, Bernie (1941- ) US representative and mayor, born in New York City, New York, USA. Sanders, George Nicholas (1812-73) Promoter, revolutionist, and Confederate agent, born in Lexington... Sanders, Harlan (1890-1980) Food franchiser, born in Henryville, Indiana, USA. When he was 12... Sanders, Marlene (1931- ) Television reporter and producer, born in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Sand, George (1804-76) Novelist, journalist, and feminist, born in Paris, France. Sandino, Augusto César (1895-1934) Nicaraguan revolutionary, born in Niquinohome (or La Victoria)... Sandler, Adam 1966- Actor, comedian, musician. Born on September 9, 1966 in New York City. Sandoval, Fray Prudencio de (1553-1620) Benedictine chronicler, born in Valladolid, NWC Spain. Sandoz, Mari, (1901-66) Writer and historian, born in Sheridan Co, Nebraska, USA. Sands, Bobby, (1954-81) Irish revolutionary, born in Belfast, NE Northern Ireland, UK. Sandwich, Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of (1625-72) British admiral, born in Barnwell, Northamptonshire, C England, UK. Sandwich, John Montagu, 4th Earl of (1718-92) British politician, remembered as the inventor of sandwiches... Sandys, George (1578-1664) Colonist and traveller, born near York, North Yorkshire, N England... Sanfelice, Luisa (1764-1800) Aristocrat, born in Naples, Campania, SW Italy. Sanford, Charles Steadman, Jr (1936- ) Banker, born in Savannah, Georgia, USA. Sanford, Edward Terry (1865-1930) Judge, born in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. Sanford, Maria (Louise) (1836-1920) Educator and lecturer, born in Saybrook, Connecticut, USA. Sanford, Terry (1917-98) US senator and governor, born in Laurinburg, North Carolina, USA. Sangallo, Antonio (Giamberti) da (1483-1546) Architect and engineer, born in Florence, NC Italy. Sanger, Frederick (1918- ) Biochemist, born in Rendcombe, Gloucestershire, SWC England, UK. Sanger, Margaret 1879-1966 Birth control advocate, maternity nurse. Born Margaret Higgins... San Giuliano, Antonio Paternò-Castello, Marquis of (1852-1914) Italian politician, born in Catania, Sicily, S Italy. Sanguineti, Edoardo (1930- ) Writer and literary critic, born in Genoa, Liguria, NW Italy. Sanguinetti Cairolo, Julio María (1936- ) Uruguayan statesman and president (1984-90, 1994-2000). San José, Jerónimo de (1587-1654) Carmelite poet and historian... Sankara (?700-?750) Hindu philosopher and theologian, born in Kalati, Kerala, SE India. San Martín, José de (1778-1850) South American patriot, born in Yapeyú, NE Argentina. Sanmichele, Michele (1484-1559) Architect and military engineer, born in San Michele, NE Italy. Sannazaro, Iacopo (1455/6-1530) Poet, born in Naples, Campania, SW Italy. Sanromá, Jésus María (1902-84) Pianist, born in Puerto Rico, USA. Sansom, William (Norman Trevor) (1912-76) Writer, born in London... Sansovino (1460-1529) Religious sculptor, born in Monte Sansovino, C Italy. Sansovino, Jacopo (1486-1570) Sculptor and architect, born in Florence, NC Italy. Santa Anna, Antonio López de (1797-1876) Mexican soldier, president (1833-6, 1846-7, 1853-5)... Santa Cruz, Melchor de (1520-80) Anthologist and editor, born in Dueñas, NWC Spain. Santamaria, Bartholomew Augustine (1915-98) Political writer, born in West Brunswick, Melbourne, Victoria... Santana, Carlos 1947- Guitarist. Born July 20, 1947, in Autlán de Navarro, Mexico. Santana, Manuel (1938- ) Tennis player, born in Chamartin, WC Spain. Santander, Francisco de Paula (1792-1840) Colombian statesman, born in Rosario de Cúcuta... Santarosa, Santorre Annibale De' Rossi di Pomarolo, Count of (1783-1825) Italian patriot, born in Savigliano, Piedmont, NW Italy. A liberal

5 Santayana, George (1863-1952) Philosopher, poet, essayist, and novelist, born in Madrid, Spain. Santen, Sal (1915- ) Writer, born in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Santer, Jacques (1937- ) Statesman, prime minister of Luxembourg (1984-95)... Sant Jordi, Jordi de (c.1385-c.1424) Catalan poet and court chamberlain to Alfonso V of Aragón. Santos-Dumont, Alberto (1873-1932) Aviation pioneer, born in Santos Dumont (formerly Palmyra), SE Brazil. Santucci, Luigi (1918- ) Writer, born in Milan, Lombardy, N Italy. His first work... Sanvitale, Francesca (1928- ) Writer and journalist, born in Milan, Lombardy, N Italy. Sanz y Sánchez, Eulogio Florentino (1822-81) Poet and dramatist, born in Arévalo, WC Spain. Sapegno, Natalino (1901-90) Literary critic, born in Aosta, Valle d'Aosta, NW Italy. Saperstein, Abe (1902-66) Basketball promoter, born in London, UK. He went to the USA as a boy... Sapir, Edward (1884-1939) Anthropologist and linguist, born in Lauenburg, Germany. Sapper, (1888-1937) Novelist, born in Bodmin, Cornwall, SW England, UK. Sappho c. 610 BC-c. 580 Many critics consider Sappho the greatest female poet of the... Saracco, Giuseppe (1821-1907) Italian politician and prime minister (1900-1), born in Bistagno... Saragat, Giuseppe (1898-1988) Italian politician and president (1964-71), born in Turin, Piedmont... Sarah McLachlan 1968- Singer, songwriter; born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Sarah or Sarai Biblical character, the wife and half-sister of Abraham... Saramago, José (1922- ) Writer, born in Azinhaga, Portugal. A former technician... Sarandon, Susan 1946- Actress. Born Susan Abigail Tomaling, on October 4... Sarasate (y Navascué), Pablo (Martin Melitón) (1844-1908) Violinist and composer, born in Pamplona, N Spain. Sarasin, Jean-François (1614-54) Poet and writer, born in Caen, NW France. After classical studies... Sarazen, Gene, (1902-99) Golfer, born in Harrison, New York, USA. He won the US Open (1922... Sardanapalus (7th-c BC) Legendary Assyrian king... Sardi, (Melchiorre Pio Vincenzo) Vincent (1885-1969) Restaurateur, born in San Marzano Oliveto, Italy. Sardou, Victorien (1831-1908) Playwright, born in Paris, France. His first efforts were failures... Sarett, Lewis (Hastings) (1917-99) Chemist and inventor, born in Champaign, Illinois, USA. Sargent, Charles Sprague (1841-1927) Arboriculturist, born in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. A merchant's son... Sargent, Henry (1770-1845) Painter, born in Gloucester, Massachusetts, USA. Sargent, John Singer (1856-1925) Painter, born in Florence, Italy. Sargent, Sir (Harold) Malcolm (Watts) (1895-1967) Conductor, born in Ashford, Kent, SE England, UK. Sargent, Thomas J (1943- ) Economist, born in Pasadena, California, USA. Sargeson, Frank (1903-83) Short-story writer and novelist, born in Hamilton, Waikato... Sarich, Ralph (c.1939- ) Inventor, born in Perth, Western Australia. Sarich, Vincent M (1934- ) Physical anthropologist, born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Sarmiento, Martín (1695-1772) Benedictine scholar and private librarian... Sarney (Costa), Jose (1930- ) Brazilian soldier and president (1985-90), born in Maranhao state... Sarnoff, David (1891-1971) Broadcast pioneer and executive, born in Uzlian, Russia. Saroyan, William (1908-81) Writer, born in Fresno, California, USA. He left school at 15... Sarphati, Samuel (1813-66) Dutch doctor and social reformer, born in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Sarpi, Pietro (1552-1623) Historian, theologian, and patriot, born in Venice, NE Italy. Sarrail, Maurice Paul Emmanuel (1856-1929) French soldier, born in Carcassonne, S France. Sarraute, Nathalie (1902-99) Writer, born in Ivanova, W Russia. Sarsfield, Patrick (?-1693) Soldier, born in Lucan, Co Dublin, E Ireland. Sarto, Andrea del (1486-1531) Painter, born in Florence, NC Italy... Sarton, (Eleanor) May (1912-95) Poet and writer, born in Wondelgem, Belgium. Sarton, George (Alfred Leon) (1884-1956) Historian of science, born in Ghent, NW Belgium. Sartre, Jean-Paul (1905-80) Existentialist philosopher and writer, born in Paris, France. Sasaki, Hideo (1919-2000) Landscape architect and professor, born in Reedley, California, USA. Sassacus (?1560-1627) Massachuset Pequot chief, born near present-day Groton, Connecticut... Sassau-Nguesso, Denis (1943- ) Congolese soldier, politician, and president (1979-92, 1997- ).

6 Sassetta, (?-c.1450) Painter, probably born in Siena, C Italy. Sassoon, Siegfried (Lorraine) 1886-1967 Poet, novelist. Born September 8, 1886 in Brenchley, Kent. Satanta, (1830-78) Kiowa chief, born on the N Great Plains, USA. Under extreme pressure... Satir, Virginia (Mildred) (1916-88) Educator and psychotherapist, born in Neillsville, Wisconsin, USA. Sauckel, Fritz (1894-1946) German politician, born in Haßfurth, SC Germany. Sauer, Carl (Ortwin) (1889-1975) Geographer, born in Warrenton, Missouri, USA. Saul (11th-c BC) Biblical character, the first king to be elected by the Israelites. Saunders, Dame Cicely (Mary Strode) (1918- ) Founder of the modern hospice movement, born in London, UK. Saunders, Jennifer (1958- ) British comedy writer and actress. Saura, Carlos (1932- ) Cinematographer, born in Huesca, NE Spain. Sauro, Nazario (1880-1916) Italian patriot, born in Koper, SW Slovenia. Saussure, Ferdinand de (1857-1913) Linguist, the founder of modern linguistics, born in Geneva... Saussure, Horace Bénédict de (1740-99) Physicist and geologist, born in Geneva, SW Switzerland. Sautet, Claude (1924-2000) Scriptwriter and film-maker, born in Montrouge, NC France. Savage, Edward (1761-1817) Painter, born in Princeton, Massachusetts, USA. Savage, Michael Joseph (1872-1940) New Zealand statesman and prime minister (1935-40), born in Benalla... Savage, Richard (c.1697-1743) English poet and satirist. Savalas, Telly (Aristotle) 1922-1994 Actor. Born January 21, 1922 in Garden City, New York. Savart, Félix (1791-1841) Physician and physicist, born in Mézières, NC France. Savery, Thomas (c.1650-1715) Engineer, born in Shilstone, Devon, SW England, UK. Savigny, Friedrich Karl von (1779-1861) Jurist, born in Frankfurt, WC Germany. Savile, Jimmy (1926- ) Television and radio personality, born in Leeds, West Yorkshire... Savile, Sir Henry (1549-1622) Scholar and courtier, born in Bradley, West Yorkshire, N England, UK. Savimbi, Jonas (Malheiro) (1934-2002) Soldier and politician, born in Munhango, Angola... Savinio, Alberto (1891-1952) Painter, writer, and musician, born in Athens, Greece... Savi, Paolo (1798-1871) Naturalist and zoologist, born in Pisa, W Italy. Savoia-Aosta, Amedeo (1898-1942) Duke of Aosta and soldier, born in Turin, Piedmont, NW Italy... Savoia-Aosta, Luigi Amedeo of (1873-1933) Soldier and explorer, Duke of Abruzzi, born in Madrid, Spain. Savonarola, Girolamo (1452-98) Religious and political reformer, born in Ferrara, NE Italy. Savornin Lohman, jhr Alexander Frederik de (1837-1924) Dutch politician and lawyer with a special interest in education... Savundra, Emil, (1923-76) Convicted swindler and fraudster, born in Sri Lanka. Sawa, Alejandro (1862-1909) Novelist and journalist, born in Málaga, S Spain... Sawchuk, Terry, (1929-70) Ice hockey player, born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, C Canada. Sawyer, Diane 1945- News anchor, reporter. Born December 22, 1945 in Glasgow, Kentucky... Sawyer, Philetus (1816-1900) US representative and senator, born in Whiting, Vermont, USA. Sax, Antoine Joseph (1814-94) Musician and inventor, born in Dinant, Belgium. Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Alfred Ernest Albert, Prince of (1844-1900) Second son of Queen Victoria, born at Windsor Castle, Windsor... Saxe, (Hermann) Maurice, comte de (Count of), (1696-1750) Marshal of France, born in Goslar, C Germany... Saxo Grammaticus (c.1140-1206) Danish chronicler, born in Zealand, E Denmark. Saxton, Christopher (c.1544-c.1611) Surveyor and cartographer, probably born in Sowood, West Yorkshire... Saxton, Joseph (1799-1873) Inventor, born in Huntington, Pennsylvania, USA. A banker's son... Sayce, Archibald H(enry) (1845-1933) Philologist, born in Gloucester, Gloucestershire, SWC England, UK. Sayers, Dorothy L(eigh) (1893-1957) Writer, born in Oxford, Oxfordshire, SC England, UK. Sayers, Gale (1943- ) Player of American football, born in Wichita, Kansas, USA. Sayers, James (1912- ) British physicist. He studied at Belfast and Cambridge... Sayers, Peig (1873-1958) Gaelic story-teller, born in Dunquin, Co Kerry, SW Ireland. Sayers, Tom, (1826-65) Boxer, born in London, UK. A bricklayer, he took up boxing in 1849... Say, J(ean) B(aptiste) (1767-1832) Political economist, born in Lyon, SC France. Sayles, John (Thomas) (1950- ) Writer, film scriptwriter, director, and actor, born in Schenectady... Say, Thomas (1787-1834) Entomologist and conchologist, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania...

7 Sbarbaro, Camillo (1888-1967) Writer and poet, born in Santa Margherita Ligure, Liguria, NW Italy. Scales, Prunella (Margaret Rumney) (1932- ) Actress, born in Abinger, Surrey, SE England, UK. Scalfaro, Oscar (Luigi) (1918- ) Italian politician and president (1992-9), born in Novara, Piedmont... Scalia, Antonin 1936- Supreme court justice Antonin Scalia was born on March 11, 1936... Scaliger, Joseph Justus (1540-1609) Scholar, born in Agen, SW France, the son of Julius Caesar Scaliger. Scaliger, Julius Caesar (1484-1558) Humanist scholar, born in Riva, N Italy. He studied medicine at Padua... Scaligero, Giulio Cesare (1484-1558) Physician and scholar, born in Riva del Garda, Trentino-Alto Adige... Scaravaglione, Concetta (Maria) (1900-75) Sculptor, born in New York City, New York, USA. Scardino, Marjorie (Morris) (1947- ) Businesswoman, born in Texas, USA. Scarfe, Gerald (1936- ) Cartoonist, born in London, UK. His cartoons... Scarfoglio, Edoardo (1860-1917) Writer and journalist, born in Paganica, Abruzzo-Molise, Italy. Scargill, Arthur (1938- ) Trade unionist, born in Leeds, West Yorkshire, N England, UK. Scarlatti, (Giuseppe) Domenico (1685-1757) Composer, born in Naples, SW Italy, the son of Alessandro Scarlatti. Scarlatti, (Pietro) Alessandro (Gaspare) (1660-1725) Composer, born in Palermo, Sicily, S Italy. Scarron, Paul (1610-60) Writer, born in Paris, France. Scarry, Richard (McClure) (1919-94) Illustrator and writer of children's books, born in Boston... Scelba, Mario (1901-91) Italian politician and prime minister (1954-5), born in Caltagirone... Scève, Maurice (c.1500-c.1560) Poet, born in Lyon, SC France. Born into a cultivated environment... Schacht, (Horace Greely) Hjalmar (1877-1970) Financier, born in Tinglev, SW Denmark (formerly Germany). Schack, Adolf Friedrich, Graf (Count) von (1815-94) Writer and art collector, born in Brüsewitz by Schwerin... Schaefer, Vincent J(oseph) (1906-93) Meteorologist, born in Schenectady, New York, USA. Schaeffer, Albrecht (1885-1950) Writer, born in Elbing, C Germany. Schaeffer, Pierre (1910-95) Composer, born in Nancy, NE France. Schaepman, Hermanus (Johannes Aloysius Maria) (1844-1903) Dutch priest, politician, and writer, born in Tubergen, E Netherlands. Schafer, Roy (1922- ) Psychologist, born in the Bronx, New York, USA. Schaffelaar, Jan van (d.1482) Dutch soldier in the service of David of Burgundy, Bishop of Utrecht. Schäffer, Fritz (1888-1967) German politician, born in Munich, SE Germany. Schaff, Philip (1819-93) Protestant theologian, born in Chur, Switzerland. Schaft, Hannie (1920-45) A resistance worker during the German occupation of The Netherlands... Schaik, Josephus Robertus Hendricus van (1882-1962) Dutch Catholic politician and lawyer, born in Breda, S Netherlands. Schaik-Willing, Jeanne van (1895-1984) Writer and drama critic, born in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Schalk, Ray(mond William), (1892-1970) Baseball player, born in Marvel, Illinois, USA. Schaller, George B(eals) (1933- ) Mammalogist, born in Berlin, Germany. He went to Missouri... Schall (von Bell), (Johann) Adam (1591-1666) Jesuit missionary and astronomer, born in Cologne, W Germany. Schally, Andrew V(ictor) (1926- ) Endocrinologist, born in Wilno, Poland. Schamberg, Morton (Livingston) (1881-1918) Painter, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Schaper, Edzard (1908-84) Writer, born in Ostrowo, Poland. Schaper, Johan Hendrik Andries (1868-1934) Dutch politician, born in Groningen, N Netherlands. Schapiro, Meyer (1904-96) Art historian, born in Shavly, Russia. Schapiro, Miriam (1923- ) Painter, born in Toronto, Canada. Born to American parents... Scharf, John Thomas (1843-98) Historian and collector, born in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von (1755-1813) Prussian general and military reformer, born in Bordenau, NC Germany. Scharwenka, Xaver (1850-1924) Pianist and composer, born near Poznan, WC Poland (formerly Posen... Schary, Dore (1905-80) Screenwriter, film producer, and director, born in Newark, New Jersey... Schattsschneider, E(lmer) E(ric) (1892-1971) Political scientist, born in Bethany, Minnesota, USA. Schäuble, Wolfgang (1942- ) German politician, born in Freiburg im Breisgau, SW Germany. Schaudinn, Fritz (Richard) (1871-1906) Zoologist and microbiologist, born in Röseningken, Germany. Schaufuss, Peter (1949- ) Ballet dancer and director, born in Copenhagen, Denmark. Schawlow, Arthur (Leonard) (1921-99) Physicist, born in Mount Vernon, New York, USA. Schechter, Solomon (?1847-1915) Hebraic scholar and educator, born in Focsani, Romania.

8 Scheele, Carl Wilhelm (1742-86) Chemist, born in Stralsund, NE Germany. Scheel, Walter (1919- ) West German statesman and president (1974-9), born in Solingen... Scheer, Reinhard (1863-1928) German admiral, born in Obernkirchen, NC Germany. Scheffel, Joseph Viktor von (1826-86) Poet and novelist, born in Karlsruhe, SW Germany. Scheidemann, Philipp (1865-1939) Social Democratic politician, born in Kassel, C Germany. A journalist... Schein, Edgar H(enry) (1928- ) Psychologist, born in Zürich, Switzerland. Schele de Vere, Maximilian (1820-98) Philologist, born in Wexiö, Sweden. Scheler, Max (1874-1928) Philosopher and social theorist, born in Munich, SE Germany. Schelling, Friedrich (Wilhelm Joseph) von (1775-1854) Philosopher, born in Leonberg, SW Germany. Schelling, Karoline von (1763-1809) Writer, born in Göttingen, C Germany. Schelling, Thomas Crombie (1921- ) Economist, born in Oakland, California, USA. Schendel, Arthur van (1874-1946) Writer, born in Batavia (Jakarta), Indonesia. Schenk van Toutenburg, George (d.1540) Dutch nobleman, born in Vollenhove, NC Netherlands. Schepisi, Fred (1939- ) Film director, born in Melbourne, Victoria, SE Australia. Schereschewsky, Samuel (Isaac Joseph) (1831-1906) Missionary and translator, born in Tauroggen, Lithuania. Schermerhorn, Willem (1894-1977) Dutch politician, prime minister (1945-6), and civil engineer... Schiaparelli, Elsa (1896-1973) Fashion designer, born in Rome, Italy. After studying philosophy... Schiaparelli, Giovanni (Virginio) (1835-1910) Astronomer, born in Savigliano, NW Italy. Schick, Bela (1877-1967) Paediatrician, born in Bolgar, Hungary. Schickele, René (1883-1940) Writer, born in Oberehnheim, Alsace. He studied in Munich, Paris... Schiele, Egon (1890-1918) Painter, born in Tulln, NE Austria. Schierbeek, Bert (1918-96) Novelist and poet, born in Glanerburg, E Netherlands. Schiff, Jacob (Henry) (1847-1920) Financier and philanthropist, born in Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany. Schiff, Leonard I(saac) (1915-71) Physicist, born in Fall River, Massachusetts, USA. Schillebeeckx, Edward (Cornelis Florentius Alfons) (1914- ) Theologian, born in Antwerp, N Belgium. Schiller, (Johann Christoph) Friedrich (von) (1759-1805) Historian, playwright, and poet, born in Marbach, SW Germany. Schiller, Karl (1911-94) German politician and political economist, born in Wroclaw... Schillinger, Joseph (1895-1943) Composer and theorist, born in Kharkov, Russia. Schimmelpenninck, Gerrit, Count (1794-1863) Dutch politician and prime minister (1948), born in Amsterdam... Schimmelpenninck, Rutger Jan (1761-1825) Dutch statesman and lawyer, born in Deventer, C Netherlands. Schimper, Andreas (Franz Wilhelm) (1856-1901) German botanist, born in Strasbourg, NE France. Schinderhannes (c.1777/83-1830) Highwayman, born in Miehlen, W Germany. Schindler, Alexander Moshe (1925-2000) Rabbi and organization executive, born in Munich, Germany. Schindler, R(udolph) M(ichael) (1887-1953) Architect, born in Vienna, Austria. Schinkel, Karl Friedrich (1781-1841) Architect, born in Neuruppin, NE Germany. Schippers, K (1936- ) Essayist and novelist, born in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Schippers, Thomas (1930-77) Conductor, born in Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA. A brilliant talent... Schirach, Baldur von (1907-74) Nazi politician, born in Berlin, Germany. Schirmer, (Friedrich) Gustav (Emil) (1829-93) Music publisher, born in Königsee, Germany. Schirra, Walter (Marty) (1923- ) Astronaut and naval officer, born in Hackensack, New Jersey, USA. Schlabrendorff, Fabian von (1907-80) German resistance fighter and lawyer, born in Halle/Saale, EC Germany. Schlaf, Johannes (1862-1941) Writer, born in Querfurt, C Germany. He studied theology, philosophy... Schlageter, Albert Leo (1894-1923) German officer and member of a volunteer corps... Schlegel, August Wilhelm von (1767-1845) Poet and critic, born in Hanover, NC Germany... Schlegel, (Karl Wilhelm) Friedrich von (1772-1829) Writer and critic, born in Hanover, NC Germany... Schleicher, August (1821-68) Philologist, born in Meiningen, C Germany. Schleicher, Kurt von (1882-1934) German soldier and politician, the chief enemy of Hitler... Schleiermacher, Friedrich (Ernst Daniel) (1768-1834) Theologian and philosopher, born in Wroclaw... Schlemmer, Oskar (1888-1943) Painter, sculptor, designer, dancer, and theorist, born in Stuttgart... Schlesinger, Arthur M(eier) (1888-1965) Historian, born in Xenia, Ohio, USA

9 Schlesinger, Arthur M(eier), Jr (1917- ) Historian, born in Columbus, Ohio, USA... Schlesinger, Frank (1871-1943) Astronomer, born in New York City, New York, USA. Schlesinger, James R(odney) (1929- ) Economist and cabinet member, born in New York City, New York, USA. Schlesinger, John (1926- ) Film director, born in London, UK. Schlessinger, Dr. Laura 1947- Radio talk show host. Born on January 16, 1947... Schleyer, Hans Martin (1915-77) Industrialist, born in Offenburg, SW Germany. Schley, Winfield Scott (1839-1909) US naval officer, born in Frederick Co, Maryland, USA. Schlick, Moritz (1882-1936) Philosopher... Schlieffen, Alfred, Graf von (Count of) (1833-1913) Prussian field marshal, born in Berlin, Germany. Schliemann, Heinrich (1822-90) Archaeologist, born in Neubukow, N Germany. Schlüter, Poul (Holmskov) (1929- ) Danish politician and prime minister (1982-93), born in Tønder... Schmelzer, Johann Heinrich (1623-80) Composer, born in Scheibbs, NC Austria. Schmid, Carlo (1896-1979) German politician and lawyer, born in Perpignan, S France. Schmidt, Annie M G (1911-95) Writer, born in Kapelle, SW Netherlands. She published poetry, plays... Schmidt, Arno (1914-79) Writer, born in Hamburg, N Germany. Schmidt, Benno (Charles) (1913- ) Financier, born in Abilene, Texas, USA. Schmidt, Bernhard Voldemar (1879-1935) Astronomer, born in Naissaar, N Estonia. Schmidtbonn, Wilhelm (1876-1959) Writer, born in Bonn, W Germany. Schmidt, Franz (1874-1939) Composer, born in Bratislava, Slovakia (formerly Pressburg, Austria). Schmidt, Helmut (Heinrich Waldemar) (1918- ) West German statesman and chancellor (1974-82), born in Hamburg... Schmidt, Maarten (1929- ) Astronomer, born in Groningen, The Netherlands. Schmidt, Mike (1949- ) Baseball player, born in Dayton, Ohio, USA. Schmidt-Rottluff, Karl (1884-1976) Painter and print-maker, born in Rottluff, E Germany. Schmidt, Wilhelm (1868-1954) Ethnologist, born in Hörde, WC Germany. Schmitt, Eric Emmanuel (1960- ) Playwright, born in France. Schmitt, Florent (1870-1958) Composer, born in Blamont, E France. Schmitz, William J(oseph), Jr (1937- ) Oceanographer, born in Houston, Texas, USA. Schmoke, Kurt (Lidell) (1949- ) Lawyer, mayor, and public official, born in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Schmucker, Samuel Simon (1799-1873) Protestant religious leader and educator, born in Hagerstown... Schnabel, Artur (1882-1951) Pianist and composer, born in Lipnik, Austria. Schnabel, Julien (1951- ) Painter and conceptual artist, born in New York City, New York, USA. Schneerson or Schneersohn, Menachem Mendel (1902-94) Rabbi, born in Nikolaev, Russia. Schneider, Alexander (1908-93) Violinist, born in Vilnius, E Lithuania. Schneider, David Murray 1918-1995 Cultural anthropologist. Born November 11, 1918, in New York City. Schneiderman, (Rachel) Rose (1884-1972) Labour leader and social reformer, born in Savin, Poland. Schneider, Reinhold (1903-58) Writer, born in Freiburg, Breisgau, SW Germany. Schneider, Rob 1963- Actor, writer, comedian. Born October 31, 1963 in San Francisco... Schnittke, Alfred (1934-98) Composer, born near Saratov, W Russia. Schnitzler, Arthur (1862-1931) Playwright and novelist, born in Vienna, Austria. Schnurre, Wolfdietrich (1920-89) Writer, born in Frankfurt, WC Germany. Schoenberg, Arnold (1874-1951) Composer, born in Vienna, Austria. He was largely self-taught... Schoenheimer, Rudolf (1898-1941) Biochemist, born in Berlin, Gemany. Schöffer, Peter (c.1425-1502) Printer, born in Gernsheim, WC Germany. He studied in Paris... Schofield, John McAllister (1831-1906) US soldier, born in Gerry, New York, USA. Scholes, Myron S (1941- ) US economist. He graduated from the University of Chicago 1969... Scholes, Percy Alfred (1877-1958) Musicologist, born in Leeds, West Yorkshire, N England, UK. Scholl, Hans (1918-43) German resistance fighter, born in Ingersheim, Germany. Scholl, William (1882-1968) US physician and businessman. Scholz, Wilhelm von (1873-1969) Writer, born in Berlin, Germany. Schomberg, Frederick Hermann, Duke of (1615-90) Soldier of fortune, born in Heidelberg, SWC Germany

10 Schomburg, Arthur A(lonzo) (1874-1938) Scholar, born in San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA. Of African descent... Schomburgk, Sir Robert Hermann (1804-65) Explorer and surveyor, born in Freyburg am der Unstrut, EC Germany. Schongauer or Schön, Martin (1450-91) Painter and engraver, born in Colmar, E France. Schönherr, Karl (1867-1943) Writer, born in Axams in Tirol, W Austria. Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe (1793-1864) Ethnologist, born in Albany Co, New York, USA. Schoolmeester, De (1808-58) Poet, born in Rotterdam, W Netherlands. Schopenhauer, Arthur (1788-1860) Philosopher, born in Gdansk, N Poland (formerly Danzig, Germany). Schopf, J(ames) William (1941- ) Palaeontologist, born in Urbana, Illinois, USA. A Harvard PhD... Schorr, Daniel (Louis) (1916- ) Broadcast journalist, born in New York City, New York, USA. Schorsch, Ismar (1935- ) Scholar and educator, born in Hanover, Germany. Schouten, Jan (1883-1963) Dutch anti-revolutionary politician, born in Maassluis, W Netherlands. Schouten, Willem Corneliszoon (c.1580-1625) Navigator, born in Hoorn, W Netherlands. Schreckengost, Viktor (1906- ) Ceramicist, born in Sebring, Ohio, USA. Schreiber, Lady Charlotte Elizabeth (1812-95) Scholar, diarist, and translator, born in Uffington, Lincolnshire... Schreiber, Liev 1967- Actor. Born Isaac Liev Shreiber, on October 4, 1967, in San Francisco... Schreiner, Olive (Emilie Albertina) (1855-1920) Writer, born in Wittebergen, South Africa. Largely self-educated... Schreiver, Bernard Adolph (1910- ) Aviator, born in Bremen, Germany. Schrieffer, John (Robert) (1931- ) Physicist, born in Oak Park, Illinois, USA. Schröder, Gerhard (1910-89) German politician and lawyer, born in Saarbrücken, SW Germany. Schröder, Gerhard (1944- ) German statesman and chancellor (1998- ), born in Mossenberg... Schröder, Rudolph (1867-1943) Writer, born in Bremen, NW Germany. An interior designer, artist... Schrödinger, Erwin (1887-1961) Physicist, born in Vienna, Austria. He taught at Stuttgart... Schubert, Franz (Peter) (1797-1828) Composer, born in Vienna, Austria. Schuchert, Charles, (1858-1942) Palaeontologist, born in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Schufeldt, Robert Wilson (1822-95) US naval officer, born in Red Hook, New York, USA. Schulberg, Budd (1914- ) Screenwriter, born in New York City, New York, USA. Schulenburg, Friedrich Werner, Graf von (Count of) der (1875-1944) German diplomat, born in Kemberg, E Germany. Schulenburg, Fritz-Dietlof, Graf von (Count of) der (1902-44) German lawyer, born in London, UK. Schuller, Gunther (1925- ) Composer, French hornist, educator, and jazz scholar... Schultz, Adolph H(ans) (1891-1976) Physical anthropologist, born a citizen of Switzerland, in Stuttgart... Schultze, Max (Johann Sigismund) (1825-74) Zoologist, born in Freiburg, SW Germany. Schultz, Theodore W(illiam) (1902-98) Economist, born in Arlington, South Dakota, USA. Schulz, Charles M. (Monroe) 1922-2000 Cartoonist. Born November 26, 1922, in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Schulz, Max Walter (1921-91) Writer, born in Scheibenberg, near Annaberg, Germany. Schumacher, Ernst Friedrich (1911-77) German economist. Schumacher, Kurt (Ernst Karl) (1895-1953) German statesman, born in Kulm, SEC Germany. Schumacher, Michael (1969- ) Motor-racing driver, born in Hürth-Hermuhlheim, Germany. Schumann, Clara (Josephine) (1819-96) Pianist and composer, born in Leipzig, EC Germany. Schumann, Elisabeth (1885-1952) Operatic soprano and Lieder singer, born in Merseburg... Schumann-Heink, Ernestine (1861-1936) Contralto, born near Prague, Czech Republic. Schumann, Robert (Alexander) (1810-56) Composer, born in Zwickau, E Germany. He studied law at Leipzig... Schuman, Robert (1886-1963) French statesman and prime minister (1947-8), born in Luxembourg. Schuman, William (Howard) (1910-92) Composer and educator, born in New York City, New York, USA. Schumpeter, Joseph Alois (1883-1950) Economist, born in Triesch, Austro-Hungary. Schurman, Jacob (Gould) (1854-1942) Educator, philosopher, and diplomat, born in Freetown... Schurman orSchuurman, Anna Maria van (1607-78) Scholar and theologian, born in Cologne, W Germany. Schurz, Carl (1829-1906) Journalist and political reformer, born in Liblar, W Germany. Schuschnigg, Kurt von (1897-1977) Austrian statesman and chancellor (1934-8), born in Riva... Schuster, Max (Lincoln) (1887-1970) Publisher, born in Kalusz, Austria. In 1924... Schuster, Sir Arthur (1851-1934) Physicist, born in Frankfurt, WC Germany.

11 Schutte, Gerrit Jan (1939- ) Dutch politician, born in Nieuwpoort, W Netherlands. A civil servant... Schutz, Alfred (1899-1959) Social philosopher, born in Vienna, Austria. He emigrated to the USA... Schütz, Heinrich (1585-1672) Composer, born in Köstritz, EC Germany. Schuyler, Montgomery (1843-1914) Journalist and architectural critic, born in Ithaca, New York, USA. Schuyler, Peter (1657-1724) American soldier and colonial official... Schuyler, Philip John (1733-1804) US soldier and politician, born in Albany, New York, USA. Schwab, Charles M(ichael) (1862-1939) Industrialist, born in Williamsburg, Pennsylvania, USA. Schwab, Charles R (1937- ) Stockbroker, born in Woodland, California, USA. A lawyer's son... Schwaben, Philipp von (c.1178-1208) Roman King (1198-1208), the youngest son of Frederick I Barbarossa... Schwab, Gustav (1792-1850) Writer and scholar, born in Stuttgart, SW Germany. Schwann, Theodor (1810-82) Physiologist, born in Neuss, W Germany. Schwartz, Arthur (1900-84) Composer, born in New York City, New York, USA. Schwartz-Bart, André (1928- ) Novelist, born in Metz, NE France. Schwartz, Benjamin I(sadore) (1916- ) Historian, born in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. A Harvard PhD... Schwartz, Delmore (1913-66) Poet and writer, born in New York City, New York, USA. Schwartz, Louis B (1913- ) Legal educator and consultant, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania... Schwartz, Maurice (1890-1960) Stage actor, born in Sedikor, Russia. Schwartz, Melvin (1932- ) Physicist, born in New York City, New York, USA. Schwarzenberg, Felix (Ludwig Johann Friedrich) (1800-52) Austrian statesman, born in Krumau, N Austria. Schwarzenberg, Karl Philipp, Fürst zu (Prince of) (1771-1820) Austrian soldier and diplomat, born in Vienna, Austria. Schwarzenegger, Arnold 1947- Actor, former bodybuilder. Born July 30, 1947... Schwarz, Harvey (Fisher) (1905-88) Electrical engineer... Schwarzkopf, H Norman (1934- ) US general, born in Trenton, New Jersey, USA. Schwarzkopf, (Olga Maria) Elisabeth (Friederike) (1915- ) Soprano, born in Janotschin, C Poland. She studied at Berlin... Schwarzschild, Karl (1873-1916) Theoretical astrophysicist, born in Frankfurt, WC Germany. Schwarzschild, Martin (1912- ) Astronomer, born in Potsdam, Germany. Schwatka, Frederick (1849-92) Explorer, born in Galena, Illinois, USA. Schweitzer, Albert (1875-1965) Medical missionary, theologian, musician, and philosopher... Schwenkfeld (von Ossig), Kaspar (1489-1561) Writer and preacher, born in Ossig, E Germany. Schwimmer, David 1966- Actor, director. Born in New York City. Schwimmer, Rosika (1877-1948) Feminist and pacifist, born in Budapest, Hungary. Schwinger, Julian S(eymour) (1918-94) Physicist, born in New York City, New York, USA. Schwitters, Kurt (1887-1948) Artist, born in Hanover, NC Germany. Scialoja, Antonio (1817-77) Italian politician, born in San Giovanni a Teduccio, Campania... Scialoja, Vittorio (1856-1933) Italian politician and jurist, born in Turin, Piedmont, NW Italy. Sciascia, Leonardo (1921-89) Novelist, born in Racalmuto, Sicily, S Italy. Sciesa, Amatore (1814-51) Italian patriot, born in Milan, Lombardy, N Italy. Scipio Aemilianus (185-129 BC) Roman statesman, general, and orator... Scipio Africanus (236-c.183 BC) Innovative Roman general of the Second Punic War... Scofield, (David) Paul (1922- ) Actor, born in Hurstpierpoint, West Sussex, England, UK. Scopas (c.4th-c BC) Sculptor, from the Greek island of Paros. Scorel, Jan van (1495-1562) Painter, architect, and engineer, born in Schoorel, The Netherlands. Scoresby, William (1789-1857) Arctic explorer, born near Whitby, North Yorkshire, N England, UK. Scorsese, Martin 1942- Director, screenwriter, producer, actor. Born November 17, 1942... Scotellaro, Rocco (1923-53) Writer, born in Tricarico, Basilicata, S Italy. Scott, Alexander (c.1525-c.1584) Lyrical poet from Scotland, UK. Little is known of his early life... Scott, C(harles) P(restwich) (1846-1932) Newspaper editor, born in Bath, SW England, UK. He studied at Oxford... Scott, Charlotte Angas (1858-1931) Mathematician, born in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, EC England, UK. Scott, Cyril Meir (1879-1970) Composer, born in Oxton, Cheshire, NWC England, UK. Scott, Dred c. 1795-1858 Dred Scott (1795-1858), in an effort to gain his freedom...

12 Scott, Dunkinfield Henry (1854-1934) Botanist, born in London, UK, the son of George Gilbert Scott. Scott, Francis George (1880-1958) Composer, born in Hawick, Scottish Borders, SE Scotland, UK. Scott, George (Campbell) 1927-1999 Actor. Born October 18, 1927 in Wise, Virginia. He grew up in Detroit... Scott, James Brown (1866-1943) International lawyer and educator, born in Kincardine, Ontario... Scott, John Paul (1909- ) Animal behaviourist, born in Kansas City, Missouri, USA. Scott, Mackay Hugh Baillie (1865-1945) Architect and designer, born in Kent, SE England, UK. Scott, Michael (1907-83) British missionary and political activist. Scott, Norman (1889-1942) US naval officer, born in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Scott, Paul (Mark) (1920-78) Novelist, born in London, UK. He studied in London... Scott, R(obert) F(alcon) (1868-1912) Antarctic explorer, born in Devonport, Devon, SW England, UK. Scott, Ronnie, (1927-96) Jazz saxophonist and night club owner, born in London, UK. Scott, Sheila, (1927-88) Aviator, born in Worcester, Hereford and Worcester, WC England, UK. Scott, Sir George Gilbert (1811-78) Architect, born in Gawcott, Buckinghamshire, SC England, UK. Scott, Sir Giles Gilbert (1880-1960) Architect, born in London, UK, the grandson of George Gilbert Scott. Scott, Sir Percy Moreton (1853-1924) British naval commander and gunnery expert, born in London, UK. Scott, Sir Peter (Markham) (1909-89) Artist, ornithologist, and broadcaster, born in London, UK... Scott, Sir Ridley (1937- ) Film director, born in South Shields, NE England, UK. Scott, Sir Walter (1771-1832) Novelist and poet, born in Edinburgh, EC Scotland, UK. Scott, Thomas A(lexander) (1823-81) Railroad executive, born at Fort Loudon, Pennsylvania, USA. Scott Thomas, Kristin 1960- Actress. Born May 24, 1960 in Redruth, England. Scott, Walter Edward, (1872-1954) Mining prospector, possibly born in Cynthiana, Kentucky, USA. Scott, William (1913-89) Painter, born in Greenock, Inverclyde, WC Scotland, UK. Scott, W(illiam) Richard (1932- ) Sociologist, born in Parsons, Kansas, USA. Scott, Winfield (1786-1866) US soldier, born near Petersburg, Virginia, USA. A Virginia patrician... Scoville, Joseph Alfred (1815-64) Journalist and novelist, born in Woodbury, Connecticut, USA. Scriabin, Alexander Nikolayevich (1872-1915) Composer and pianist, born in Moscow, Russia. Scribe, (Augustin) Eugène (1791-1861) Playwright, born in Paris, France. Scribner, Charles, (1821-71) Publisher, born in New York City, USA. Scribner, Charles (1854-1930) Publisher, born in New York City, New York, USA. Scripps, E(dward) W(yllis) (1854-1926) Journalist, born near Rushville, Illinois, USA. Scrutton, Sir Thomas Edward (1856-1934) Legal text-writer and judge, born in London, UK. Scudder, Janet (Netta Deweze Frazee) (1869-1940) Sculptor, born in Terre Haute, Indiana, USA. Scudder, (Julia) Vida (Dutton) (1861-1954) Social reformer, born in Madura, India. Scudéry, Georges de (1601-67) Playwright, born in Le Havre, NW France. Scudéry, Madeleine de (1607-1701) Novelist, born in Le Havre, NW France. Scull, Robert C (1917-86) Businessman and art collector, born in New York City, New York, USA. Scully, Vincent (Joseph, Jr) (1920- ) Architectural historian, born in New Haven, Connecticut, USA. Sculthorpe, Peter Joshua (1929- ) Composer, born in Launceston, Tasmania, Australia. Seaborg, Glenn T(heodore) (1912-99) Chemist, born in Ishpeming, Michigan, USA. Seabury, Samuel (1729-96) Clergyman, born in Groton, Connecticut, USA. Seabury, Samuel (1873-1958) Lawyer and anti-corruption investigator, born in New York City... Seaga, Edward (Philip George) (1930- ) Jamaican politician and prime minister (1980-9), born in the USA. Seagal, Steven 1951- Actor, writer, musician, producer. Born April 10, 1951 in Lansing... Seager, Richard B(erry) (1882-1925) Archaeologist, born in Lansing, Michigan, USA. Seagram, Joseph Emm (1848-1919) Distiller, turfman, and Canadian politician. Seale, Bobby (1936- ) Political activist and educator, born in Dallas, Texas, USA. Seaman, David (Andrew) (1963- ) Footballer, born in Rotherham, South Yorkshire, N England, UK. Seaman, Elizabeth, (c.1865-1922) Journalist, born in Cochrane Mills, Pennsylvania, USA. Searle, Humphrey (1915-82) Composer, born in Oxford, Oxfordshire, SC England, UK. Searle, John R(ogers) (1932- ) Philosopher and linguist, born in Denver, Colorado, USA

13 Searle, Ronald (William Fordham) (1920- ) Artist, born in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, EC England, UK. Searles, Harold F(rederic) (1918- ) Psychiatrist, born in Hancock, New York, USA. Sears, Dick, (1861-1943) Tennis player, born in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Sears, Eleo(nora Randolph) (1881-1968) Sportswoman, born in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Sears, Minnie Earl (1873-1933) Cataloguer and bibliographer, born in Lafayette, Indiana, USA. Sears, Richard W(arren) (1863-1914) Merchant, born in Stewartville, Minnesota, USA. Seattle, (?1788-1866) Suquamish and Duwamish chief, born near present-day Seattle... Seaver, Tom, (1944- ) Baseball pitcher, born in Fresno, California, USA. Sebald, W(infried) G(eorg) (1944-2001) Novelist, born in Wertach im Allgäu, Germany. Sebastian, St (?-288) Roman martyr, a native of Narbonne, S France. Secchi, Pietro Angelo (1818-78) Astronomer, born in Reggio nell'Emilia, N Italy. Seckler-Hudson, Catheryn (1902-63) Political scientist and educator, born in Modale, Iowa, USA. Secombe, Sir Harry (Donald) (1921-2001) Comedian, singer, and media personality, born in Swansea, SC Wales... Secrétin, Jacques (1949- ) French table-tennis player. Sedaine, Michel-Jean (1719-97) Playwright, born in Paris, France. The son of a mason... Sedaka, Neil 1939- Musician, singer, songwriter. Born March 13, 1939 in Brooklyn... Seddon, Richard John, (1845-1906) New Zealand statesman and prime minister (1893-1906)... Sedgman, Frank (1927- ) Tennis player, born in Mont Albert, Victoria, NE Australia. Sedgwick, Adam (1785-1873) Geologist, born in Dent, Cumbria, NW England, UK. Sedgwick, Catherine Maria (1789-1867) Writer, born in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, USA. Sedgwick, John (1813-64) US soldier, born in Cornwall, Connecticut, USA. Sedgwick, Theodore (1811-59) Legal scholar, born in Albany, New York, USA. Seebeck, Thomas Johann (1770-1831) Physicist, born in Tallin, Estonia. Seefried, Irmgard (1919-88) Soprano, born in Köngetried, S Germany. She lived in Austria... Seeger, Alan (1888-1916) Poet, born in New York City, New York, USA. Seeger, Charles (Louis, Jr) (1886-1979) Ethnomusicologist, composer, and teacher, born in Mexico City, Mexico. Seeger, Pete(r) (1919- ) Folksinger and songwriter, born in New York City, New York, USA. Seferiades, George (1900-71) Poet and diplomat, born in Izmir (formerly Smyrna), W Turkey. Segal, George (1924-2000) Sculptor, born in New York City, USA. Segal, George (1934- ) Film actor, born in New York City, USA. Segar, Elzie (Crisler) (1894-1938) Strip cartoonist, the creator of Popeye, born in Chester... Seghers, Anna (1900-83) Writer, born in Mainz, WC Germany. She studied history, art history... Seghers, Hercules (c.1589-c.1635) Painter, born in Haarlem, The Netherlands. Segni, Antonio (1891-1972) Italian politician, prime minister (1955-7, 1959-60)... Segni, Mario (1939- ) Italian politician, born in Sassari, Sardinia, Italy... Segonzac, André Dunoyer de (1884-1974) Painter and engraver, born in Boussy-Saint-Antoine, NC France. Segouzac, André Dunoyer de (1884-1974) Painter and engraver, born in Boussy-Saint-Antoine, NC France. Segovia, Andrés (1894-1987) Guitarist, born in Linares, SC Spain. Largely self-taught... Segrave, Sir Henry (O'Neal de Hane) (1896-1930) Motor-racing driver, born in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Segrè, Emilio (Gino) (1905-89) Physicist, born in Tivoli, Italy. Séguin, Marc (1786-1875) Mechanical and civil engineer, born in Annonay, SC France. Segundo, Juan Luis (1925- ) Jesuit liberation theologian, born in Montevideo, Uruguay. Segura, Juan de (fl.1548-55) Spanish novelist... Ségur, Sophie Rostopchine, comtesse de (Countess of) (1799-1874) French writer, the daughter of the governor of Moscow. Seiber, Mátyás (1905-60) Composer, born in Budapest, Hungary. Seidel, George (Lukas Emil) (1864-1947) Mayor, born in Ashland, Pennsylvania, USA. Seidel, Hanns (1901-61) German politician and lawyer, born in Schweinheim, W Germany. Seidel, Ina (1885-1974) Writer, born in Halle, EC Germany. She was married to her cousin... Seidensticker, Edward George (1921- ) Scholar, translator, and educator, born in Castle Rock, Colorado... Seidl, Anton (1850-98) Conductor, born in Budapest, Hungary. A protégé of Wagner...

14 Seidler, Harry (1923- ) Architect, born in Vienna, Austria. Seifert, Jaroslav (1901-86) Poet, born in Prague, Czech Republic. Seinfeld, Jerry 1954- Comedian, television actor. Born April 29, 1954, in Brooklyn... Seitz, Don Carlos (1862-1935) Journalist, born in Portage, Ohio, USA. Seixas, Gershom Mendes (1746-1816) Rabbi, born in New York City, New York, USA. Sejanus (?-31) Prefect of the Praetorian Guard (14-31)... Selby, Hubert, Jr. (1928-2004) Writer, born in Brooklyn. Selden, John (1584-1654) Historian and antiquary, born in Salvington, West Sussex, S England... Seldte, Franz (1882-1947) German politician and industrialist, born in Magdeburg, EC Germany. Seles, Monica (1973- ) Tennis player, born in Novi Sad... Seleucus I Nicator (‘Conqueror’) (c.358-281 BC) Macedonian general of Alexander the Great... Selfridge, Harry Gordon (1864-1947) Businessman, born in Ripon, Wisconsin, USA. Educated privately... Selgas y Carrasco, José (1822-82) Poet, born in Lorca, Murcia, SE Spain... Seligman, C(harles) G(abriel) (1873-1940) Anthropologist, born in London, UK. Selkirk, Alexander, (1676-1721) Sailor whose story suggested that of Defoe's Robinson Crusoe... Sella, Philippe (1962- ) French rugby player. He played 3/4 centre... Sella, Quintino (1827-84) Italian politician, born in Sella di Mosso Santa Maria, Piedmont... Sellars, Peter (1957- ) Stage director, born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Sellars, Wilfrid (Stalker) (1912-89) Philosopher, born in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Educated at Oxford... Selleck, Tom (1945- ) Actor, producer. Born January 29, 1945 in Detroit, Michigan ... Sellers, Peter (1925-80) Actor and comedian, born in Southsea, Hampshire, S England, UK. Sellers, William (1824-1905) Manufacturer and engineer, born in Delaware Co, Pennsylvania, USA. Sellimi, Adel (1972- ) Footballer, born in Mahdia, Tunisia. He joined his first club... Sellin, Thorsten (Johan) (1896-1994) Educator and criminologist, born in Ornskoldsvik, E Sweden. Selous, Frederick Courtenay (1815-1917) Explorer and big-game hunter, born in London, UK. Selten, Reinhard (1930- ) Economist, born in Wroclaw, SW Poland (formerly Breslau... Selwyn, George Augustus (1809-78) Anglican churchman, born in London, UK. He studied at Cambridge... Selwyn-Lloyd, (John) Selwyn (Brooke) Lloyd, Baron (1904-78) British statesman, born in Liverpool, Merseyside, NW England, UK. Selye, Hans (Hugo Bruno) (1907-82) Physician, born in Vienna, Austria. He studied in Prague, Paris... Selznick, David O(liver) (1902-65) Cinema mogul, born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Selznick, Philip (1919- ) Sociologist, born in Newark, New Jersey, USA. Semenov, Nikolay Nikolayevich (1896-1986) Physical chemist, born in Saratov, W Russia. Semiramis (9th-c BC) Semi-legendary Queen of Assyria, the daughter of the goddess Derceto... Semmelweiss, Ignaz Philipp (1818-65) Physician, born in Buda, NC Hungary. Semmes, Raphael (1809-77) Confederate naval officer, born in Charles Co, Maryland, USA. Sempere y Guarinos, Juan (1754-1830) Historian of law, literature, and institutions, born in Elda... Semple, Ellen (Churchill) (1863-1932) Geographer, born in Louisville, Kentucky, USA. Sénac, Jean (1926-1973) French-language poet, born in Beni Saf, NW Algeria. His early poetry... Sen, Amartya (Kumar) (1933- ) Economist, born in Bengal, E India. Senanayake, Don Stephen (1884-1952) First prime minister of Sri Lanka (1947-52), born in Colombo... Senancour, Étienne Pivert de (1770-1846) Writer, born in Paris, France. Sendak, Maurice (Bernard) (1928- ) Illustrator and writer of children's books, born in New York City... Senebier, Jean (1742-1809) Botanist and pastor, born in Geneva, SW Switzerland. Seneca, Lucius Annaeus (c.55 BC-c.AD 40) Roman rhetorician, born in Córdoba, S Spain. Seneca, Lucius Annaeus (c.5 BC-AD 65) Roman philosopher, statesman, and writer, born in Córdoba... Senefelder, Aloys (1771-1834) Inventor, born in Prague, Czech Republic. Senghor, Léopold Sédar (1906-2001) Senegalese statesman and first president (1960-80), born in Joal... Senna, Ayrton, (1960-94) Motor racing driver, born in São Paulo, SE Brazil. Sennacherib (8th-7th-c BC) King of Assyria (704-681 BC)... Sennett, Mack, (1880-1960) Film director, producer, and actor, born in Richmond, Quebec...

15 Séphériades, Jean (1922- ) A great French oarsman... Sequoia or Sequoyah (?1770-1843) Native American leader and inventor of the Cherokee writing system... Serafino Aquilano (1466-1500) Poet, born in L'Aquila, Abruzzo-Molise, C Italy. Serao, Matilde (1856-1927) Novelist, and newspaper editor, born in Patras, Greece. Séraphine, Louise (1864-1934) Primitive painter, born in Senlis, NC France. Sereni, Vittorio (1913-83) Poet, born in Luino, Lombardy, NW Italy. Sergeant, John (1779-1852) US representative, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Sergeyev-Tsensky, Sergey (1875-1958) Novelist, born in Tambov W province, Russia. Serís, Homero (1879-1969) Bibliographer and literary scholar, born in Granada, S Spain. Serkin, Peter (1947- ) Pianist, born in New York City, USA, the son of Rudolf Serkin. Serkin, Rudolf (1903-91) Pianist, born in Cheb, W Czech Republic (formerly Eger, Austria). Serling, Rod (1924-75) Television script-writer, born in Syracuse, New York, USA. Serlio, Sebastiano (1475-1554) Architect and painter, born in Bologna, N Italy. After training there... Serote, Mongane Wally (1944- ) Poet and novelist, born in Sophiatown, NE South Africa. Serpico, Frank 1936- Police officer. Serra, Jaume (?-1389) Painter, citizen of Barcelona, NE Spain. The brother of Francesc... Serra, Junipero (1713-84) Missionary, born in Petra, Majorca. Serra, Narciso Sáenz Díaz (1830-77) Playwright, born in Madrid, Spain. He wrote over 40 plays... Serrano, Eva (1978- ) One of the great French hopes in gymnastics. Serra, Renato (1884-1915) Writer and literary critic, born in Cesena, Emilia-Romagna, E Italy. Serra, Richard (1939- ) Sculptor, born in San Francisco, California, USA. Serrati, Giacinto Menotti (1876-1926) Italian politician, born in Oneglia, Liguria, NW Italy. A socialist... Serrault, Michel (1928- ) Actor, born in Brunoy, NC France. A well-known actor... Serre, Jean-Pierre (1926- ) Mathematician, born in Bages, S France. Sertorius, Quintus (123-72 BC) Roman soldier, born in Nursia. Sérusier, Paul (1864-1927) Painter and theorist, born in Paris, France. Servan-Schreiber, Jean-Jacques (1924- ) French politician and journalist, born in Paris, France. Servetus, Michael (1511-53) Theologian and physician, born in Tudela, N Spain. He studied law... Service, John Stewart (1909- ) Foreign service officer, born in Chengtu, China. Service, Robert W(illiam) (1874-1958) Poet, born in Preston, Lancashire, NW England, UK. Servier, Mezuela (1971- ) French handball player... Sesostris According to Greek legend, an Egyptian monarch who invaded Libya... Sesshu, Toyo (1420-1506) Painter and priest, born in Akahama, Japan. Sessions, Roger (Huntingdon) (1896-1985) Composer, born in New York City, USA. Seth, Vikram (1952- ) Novelist, poet, and travel-writer... Seton, Elizabeth Ann (Bayley) 1774-1821 Religious leader. Born August 28, 1774 in New York City. Seton, Ernest Thompson (1860-1946) Naturalist, writer, and illustrator, born in Durham, Co Durham... Settembrini, Luigi (1813-76) Italian patriot and writer, born in Naples, Campania, SW Italy. Setton, Kenneth M (1914- ) Historian, born in New Bedford, Massachusetts, USA. Seurat, Georges 1859-1891 Artist, born in Paris. As a young boy... Seuse, Heinrich (c.1295-1366) Writer, born near Konstanz (Lake Constance), Swabia. Of noble birth... Sevareid, (Arnold) Eric (1912-92) Broadcast journalist, born in Velva, North Dakota, USA. Severing, Carl (1875-1952) German politician, born in Herford, WC Germany. Severin, (Giles) Timothy (1940- ) British historian, traveller, and writer. Severini, Gino (1883-1966) Artist, born in Cortona, C Italy. He studied in Rome and Paris... Severinsen, Doc, (1927- ) Musician, born in Arlington, Oregon, USA. A trumpeter... Severus, Lucius Septimius (c.146-211) Roman emperor (193-211), the founder of the Severan dynasty (193-235)... Sevier, John (1745-1815) American soldier and public official... Sévigné, Madame de (1626-96) Writer, born in Paris, France. Sevigny, Chloë 1974- Actress. Born November 18, 1974, in Darien, Connecticut.

16 Sewall, Samuel (1652-1730) Judge and merchant, born in Bishopstoke, Hampshire, S England, UK. Seward, Anna (1742-1809) Poet, born in Eyam, Derbyshire, C England, UK. Seward, Sir Albert Charles (1863-1941) Palaeobotanist, born in Lancaster, Lancashire, NW England, UK. Seward, William H(enry) (1801-72) US public official and cabinet officer, born in Florida, New York... Sewell, Anna (1820-78) Novelist, born in Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, E England, UK. Sex Pistols, The British rock band formed in London, UK in 1975... Sexton, Ann, (1928-74) Poet, born in Newton, Massachusetts, USA. Sexton, Thomas (1848-1932) Irish nationalist politician, born in Ballygannon, Co Waterford... Sextus Empiricus (early 3 rd-c) Greek philosopher and physician, active at Alexandria and Athens... Seydlitz, Walther von (1888-1976) German general, born in Hamburg, N Germany. Seyfert, Carl (Keenan) (1911-60) US astronomer... Seymour, Horatio (1810-86) US governor, born in Pompey Hill, New York, USA... Seymour, Jane (c.1509-37) Third wife of Henry VIII, the mother of Edward VI... Seymour, Jane 1951- Actress. Born Joyce Penelope Wilhemina Frankenberg on February 15... Seymour, John (c.1738-1818) Furniture maker, born in England, UK. In 1785 he emigrated to Maine... Seymour, Lynn (1939- ) Ballet dancer, born in Wainwright, Alberta, W Canada. Seymour (of Sudeley), Thomas Seymour, Baron (c.1508-1549) English soldier and statesman... Seyss-Inquart, Arthur (1892-1946) Austrian national socialist, born in Stonarov... Sforza, Carlo (1872-1952) Italian politician, born in Montignoso, NW Italy. Sforza, Ludovico (1451-1508) Ruler of Naples, born in Vigevano, N Italy. Sforza, Riario Caterina (c.1463-1509) Ruler of Imola and Forlì. Sgambati, Giovanni (1841-1914) Composer and pianist, born in Rome, Italy. A student of Liszt... Sgorlon, Carlo (1930- ) Writer and journalist, born in Cassacco, Friuli-Venezia Giulia... Shackleton, Sir Ernest Henry (1874-1922) Explorer, born in Kilkea, Co Kildare, E Ireland. Shackleton, Sir Ernest Henry 1874-1922 Ernest Shackleton was born on February 15, 1874... Shadows, The British instrumental rock group... Shadwell, Thomas (c.1642-92) Playwright, born in Brandon, Norfolk, E England, UK. Shaffer, Sir Peter (Levin) (1926- ) Playwright, born in Liverpool, Merseyside, NW England, UK. Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of (1671-1713) Philosopher, born in London, UK... Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of (1621-83) English statesman, born in Wimborne St Giles, Dorset, S England, UK. Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, 7th Earl of (1801-85) Factory reformer and philanthropist, born in London, UK. Shah Jahan (1592-1666) Mughal emperor of India (1628-58), born in Lahore, NE Pakistan. Shahn, Ben(jamin) (1898-1969) Painter, born in Kaunas, C Lithuania. Shaka (c.1788-1828) African ruler, born near Melmoth, KwaZulu Natal, E South Africa. Shakespeare, John (c.1530-1601) Glover and wool dealer, born in Snitterfield, near Stratford... Shakespeare, William (1564-1616) Playwright, actor, and poet, the greatest English writer... Shalala, Donna (Edna) (1941- ) Political scientist, educator, and cabinet officer, born in Cleveland... Shaler, Nathaniel (Southgate) (1841-1906) Geologist and geographer, born in Newport, Kentucky, USA. Shalyapin, Fyodor (Ivanovich) (1873-1938) Bass, born near Kazan, W Russia. He was largely self-taught... Shamir, Yitzhak (1915- ) Zionist leader and prime minister of Israel (1983-4, 1986-92)... Shammai (c.1st-c BC-AD 1st-c) Jewish scholar and Pharisaic leader, apparently a native of Jerusalem. Shandling, Garry 1949- Actor, writer, comedian, producer. Born November 29, 1949 in Tuscon... Shankar, Ravi (1920- ) Sitarist, born in Benares, N India. Shanker, Albert (1928- ) Union leader, born in New York City, New York, USA. Shankly, Bill, (1913-81) Footballer and manager, born in Scotland, UK. Shannon, Claude E(lwood) (1916-2001) Mathematician and pioneer of communication theory, born in Gaylord... Shapiro, Erin Patria Margaret, (1939- ) British writer and campaigner for women's rights. Shapiro, Harry L(ionel) (1902-90) Physical anthropologist, born in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Shapiro, Karl (Jay) (1913-2000) Writer, born in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Shapley, Harlow (1885-1972) Astrophysicist, born in Nashville, Missouri, USA

17 Shapur or Sapor II (309-79) King of Persia (309-79). Sharif, Omar (1932- ) Film actor, born in Alexandria, N Egypt. Sharman, Helen (Patricia) (1963- ) Britain's first astronaut, born in Sheffield, South Yorkshire... Sharon, Ariel 1928- Politician. Born Ariel Scheinerman on February 27, 1928... Sharp, Cecil (James) (1859-1924) Collector of folk songs and dances, born in London, UK. Sharpe, Tom, (1928- ) Novelist, born in London, UK. Sharpe, William F(orsyth) (1934- ) Economist, born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. Sharples, James (1751-1811) Painter, born in Lancashire, NW England, UK. Sharpless, Barry K (1941- ) Chemist, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Sharp, Phillip A(llen) (1944- ) Molecular biologist, born in Falmouth, Kentucky, USA. Sharp, Sir Percival (1867-1953) British educationist. He studied at Cambridge, became a teacher... Sharswood, George (1810-83) Judge, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Shastri, Lal (Bahadur) (1904-66) Indian statesman and prime minister (1964-6), born in Mughalsarai... Shatner, William 1931- Actor, writer, producer, director. Born March 22, 1931, in Montreal... Shattuck, Lemuel (1793-1859) Statistician and public-health reformer, born in Ashby, Massachusetts... Shaw, Anna Howard (1847-1919) Reformer, minister, and physician, born in Newcastle-upon-Tyne... Shaw, Artie, (1910- ) Clarinet player and bandleader, born in New York City, USA. Shawcross (of Friston), Hartley William Shawcross, Baron (1902-2003) Jurist, born in Giessen, WC Germany. He studied at Dulwich College... Shaw, Fiona, (1958- ) Actress, born in Cork, Co Cork, S Ireland. Shaw, George Bernard (1856-1950) Playwright, essayist, and pamphleteer, born in Dublin, Ireland. Shaw, Henry Wheeler, (1818-85) Writer, born in Lanesboro, Massachusetts, USA. Shaw, Lemuel (1781-1861) Judge, born in Barnstable, Massachusetts, USA. Shaw, Martin Fallus (1876-1958) Composer, born in London, UK. Shawn, Ted, (1891-1972) Dancer, choreographer, and dance festival administrator... Shawn, William (1907-92) Editor, born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Shaw, Percy (1890-1976) British inventor. Shaw, Ralph Robert (1907-72) Librarian and educator, born in Detroit, Michigan, USA. Shaw, (Richard) Norman (1831-1912) Architect, born in Edinburgh, EC Scotland, UK. He studied in London... Shaw, Robert Gould (1837-63) US soldier, born in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Shaw, Robert (Lawson) (1916-99) Conductor, born in Red Bluff, California, USA. Shaw, Sir (William) Napier (1854-1945) Meteorologist, born in Birmingham, West Midlands, C England, UK. Shays, Daniel (c.1747-1825) US soldier and insurrectionary, probably born in Hopkinton... Shcharansky, Natan (1948- ) Soviet dissident, born in Donetsk, SE Ukraine. Shea, John (Dawson) Gilmary (1824-92) Historian, born in New York City, New York, USA. Shearer, Alan (1970- ) England footballer, born in Newcastle-upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear... Shearer, Moira, (1926- ) Ballerina and actress, born in Dunfermline, Fife, E Scotland, UK. Shearing, George (Albert) 1919- jazz musician. Born in London, England. Blind from birth... Sheba, Queen of (c.10th-c BC) Monarch mentioned in the Bible (1 Kings 10 and 2 Chron... Sheed, Frank, (1897-1981) Catholic religious publisher and writer, born in Sydney, Australia. Sheehy, Gail (1937- ) Journalist and writer on popular psychology, born in Mamaroneck... Sheeler, Charles (1883-1965) Painter and photographer, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Sheen, Charlie 1965- Actor. Born Carlos Irwin Estevez (billed as Charlie Sheen)... Sheene, Barry (Stephen Frank) (1950-2003) Motorcycle racer, born in East London, UK. Sheen, Fulton (John) (1895-1979) Roman Catholic clergyman and broadcaster, born in El Paso, Illinois... Sheen, Martin 1940- Film actor, born in Dayton, Ohio, USA. Shehan, Lawrence (Joseph) (1898-1984) Catholic prelate, born in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Ordained in 1922... Sheila, Annie Chancel (1946- ) Singer, born in the Paris region. Sheindlin, Judith (Judge Judy) 1942- Judge. Born Judith Blum, in October 1942, in Brooklyn, New York. Shelburne, William Petty Fitzmaurice, 2nd Earl of (1737-1805) British statesman and prime minister (1782-3), born in Dublin... Shelby, Isaac (1750-1826) US soldier and public official, born in present-day Washington Co...

18 Sheldon, Edward (Brewster) (1886-1946) Playwright, born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Sheldon, Gilbert (1598-1677) English clergyman. Chaplain to Charles I, and warden of All Souls... Sheldon, Sidney 1917- Novelist, screenwriter, and producer. Born February 11, 1917... Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft 1797-1851 Writer. Born August 30, 1797, in London, England. Shelley, Percy Bysshe 1792-1822 Poet. Born August 4, 1792 at Field Place near Horsham, Sussex,. Shelton, Ian (1958- ) Canadian astronomer. While working as a technician... Shem Biblical character, the eldest son of Noah... Shen Kua (1031-95) Administrator, engineer, and scientist, born in Qiantang, China. Shenstone, William (1714-63) Poet, born in Leasowes, Shropshire, WC England, UK. Shepard, Alan (Bartlett), Jr (1923-98) Astronaut and NASA administrator, born in East Derry, New Hampshire... Shepard, Anna Osler (1903-73) Ceramicist, born in Merchantville, New Jersey, USA. Shepard, Ernest (Howard) (1879-1976) Artist and cartoonist, born in London, UK. Shepard, Sam, (1943- ) Playwright and actor, born in Fort Sheridan, Illinois, USA. Shepard, Thomas (1605-49) Protestant clergyman, born in Towcester, Northamptonshire, C England... Shepherd, Cybill 1950- Actress, model, singer, producer. Born February 18, 1950 in Memphis... Shepp, Archie (1937- ) Jazz musician, born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA. Sheppard, Dick, (1880-1937) Anglican clergyman and pacifist, born in Windsor, S England, UK. Sheppard, Eugenia (?-1984) Newspaper columnist, born near Columbus, Ohio, USA. Sheppard, Jack, (1702-24) Thief, born in London, UK. Brought up in a workhouse... Sheppard, Kate, (1848-1934) Suffragist, born in Liverpool, Merseyside, NW England, UK. Sheppard (of Liverpool), David (Stuart), Baron (1929- ) Anglican clergyman, and former cricketer, born in Reigate, Surrey... Shera, Jesse Hauk (1903-82) Librarian and educator, born in Oxford, Ohio, USA. Sherard, Robert Harborough, (1861-1943) Biographer and defender of Oscar Wilde... Sheraton, Thomas (1751-1806) Cabinet-maker, born in Stockton-on-Tees, Durham, NE England, UK. Sherbrooke (of Sherbrooke), Robert Lowe, Viscount (1811-92) British politician, born in Bingham, Nottinghamshire, C England, UK. Shere Ali (1825-79) Amir of Afghanistan (1863-79), the younger son of Dost Mohammed. Sheridan, Philip H(enry) (1831-88) US soldier, born in Albany, New York, USA. Sheridan, Richard Brinsley (Butler) (1751-1816) Playwright, born in Dublin, Ireland. He studied at Harrow... Sheriff, Lawrence (?-1567) Philanthropist, born in Rugby, Warwickshire, C England, UK. Sheringham, Teddy (1966- ) Footballer, born in Highams Park, NC Greater London, UK. A forward... Sherman, Henry Clapp (1875-1955) Food chemist, born in Ash Grove, Virginia, USA. Sherman, James S(choolcraft) (1855-1912) US vice-president and representative, born in Utica, New York, USA. Sherman, John (1823-1900) US senator and cabinet officer, born in Lancaster, Ohio, USA... Sherman, Roger (1721-93) US statesman, born in Newton, Massachusetts, USA. Sherman, Thomas West (1813-79) US soldier, born in Newport, Rhode Island, USA. Sherman, William Tecumseh (1820-91) US soldier, born in Lancaster, Ohio, USA. Sherriff, R(obert) C(edric) (1896-1975) Playwright and scriptwriter, born in Hampton Wick, Surrey, SE England... Sherrington, Sir Charles Scott (1857-1952) Physiologist, born in London, UK. He studied at Cambridge and Berlin... Sherrin, Ned, (1931- ) Producer, director, theatre critic, and writer for stage and screen... Sherry, Louis (1856-1926) Restaurateur, probably born in St Albans, Vermont, USA. Sher, Sir Antony (1949- ) Actor, writer, and painter, born in Cape Town, SW South Africa. Sherwood, Robert E(mmet) (1896-1955) Playwright and writer, born in New Rochelle, New York, USA. Shevardnadze, Eduard Amvrosiyevich (1928- ) Georgian head of state (1992- ) and former Soviet statesman... Shields, Brooke 1965- Actress. Born May 31, 1965, in New York City... Shields, James (1806-79) Judge, soldier, and US senator, born in Altmore, Co Tyrone, Ireland. Shillibeer, George (1797-1866) Pioneer of London omnibuses, born in London, UK. Shilton, Peter (1949- ) Footballer, born in Leicester, Leicestershire, C England, UK. Shinn, Everett (1876-1953) Painter and illustrator, born in Woodstown, New Jersey, USA. Shinwell, Emmanuel Shinwell, Baron, (1884-1986) British statesman, born in London, UK. Shipley, Jenny (1952- ) New Zealand politician and prime minister (1997-9), born in Gore...

19 Shipman, Ellen, (1870-1950) Landscape architect and feminist, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania... Shipman, Harold (Frederick) (1946- ) Doctor and serial murderer, born in Nottingham, Nottinghamshire... Shipstead, Henrik (1881-1960) US senator, born in Burbank, Minnesota, USA. A dentist... Shipton, Eric (Earle) (1907-77) British mountaineer. He spent many years climbing in E and C Africa... Shipton, Mother, (1488-c.1560) Reputed prophetess, born near Knaresborough, North Yorkshire... Shirakawa, Hideki (1936- ) Chemist, born in Tokyo, Japan. Shiras, George, Jr (1832-1924) Judge, born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Shirer, William L(awrence) (1904-93) Journalist and writer, born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Shirlaw, Walter (1838-1909) Painter, born in Paisley, Renfrewshire, W Scotland, UK. Shirley, James (1596-1666) Playwright, born in London, UK. He studied at Oxford and Cambridge... Shirley-Quirk, John (1931- ) Bass-baritone, born in Liverpool, Merseyside, NW England, UK. Shirley, William (1694-1771) Colonial governor, born in Preston, West Sussex, S England, UK. Shirreff, Emily Anne Eliza (1814-97) British pioneer of women's education. With her sister... Shivaji (c.1627-80) Founder of the Maratha Empire in W India, born at Shivner... Shockley, William B. (Bradford) 1910-1989 Physicist. Born on February 13, 1910, in London... Shoemaker, Willie, (1931- ) Racing jockey and trainer, born in Fabens, Texas, USA. Shoenberg, Isaac (1880-1963) British electrical engineer, born in Russia. Sholem Aleichem (1859-1916) Writer, born in Pereyaslev, C Ukraine. After working as a rabbi... Sholes, Christopher Latham (1819-90) Inventor, born near Mooresburg, Pennsylvania, USA. Sholokhov, Mikhail Alexandrovich (1905-84) Novelist, born near Veshenskaya, SW Russia. Shore, Dinah 1916-1994 Singer, television actress. Born Frances Rose Shore in Winchester... Shore, Jane (?-c.1527) Mistress of Edward IV, born in London, UK. Shore (of Stepney), Peter (David), Baron (1924-2001) British statesman. He studied at Cambridge... Shores, Louis (1904-81) Librarian, born in Buffalo, New York, USA. Shorey, Paul (1857-1934) Classicist, born in Davenport, Iowa, USA. Short, Bobby, (1926- ) Singer and pianist, born in Danville, Illinois, USA. Short, Clare (1946- ) British stateswoman. She studied at Keele and Leeds universities... Shorter, Frank (1947- ) US marathon runner, born in Munich, SE Germany. Shorter, Wayne (1933- ) Jazz saxophonist, born in Newark, New Jersey, USA. Shorthouse, Joseph Henry (1834-1903) Novelist, born in Birmingham, West Midlands, C England, UK. Short, Nigel (1965- ) Chess player, born in Atherton, Lancashire, NW England, UK. Short, Sir Frank (1857-1945) Artist, born in Stourbridge, West Midlands, C England, UK. Short, Walter Campbell (1880-1949) US soldier, born in Fillmore, Illinois, USA. Shostakovich, Dmitri Dmitriyevich (1906-75) Composer, born in St Petersburg, NW Russia. Shotoku Taishi (574-622) Japanese Yamato period ruler. A member of the Soga ruling clan... Shotwell, James Thomson (1874-1965) Historian and internationalist, born in Strathroy, Ontario, Canada. Shoup, George Laird (1836-1904) US governor and senator, born in Kittanning, Pennsylvania, USA. Shouse, Jouett (1879-1968) US representative, born in Woodford Co, Kentucky, USA. Shrady, George Frederick (1837-1907) Surgeon and medical journalist, born in New York City, New York, USA. Shrapnel, Henry (1761-1842) British artillery officer... Shreve, R Norris (1885-1975) Chemical engineer and educator, born in St Louis, Missouri, USA. Shubert, Lee, (?1873-1953) Producer and theatre manager, born in Shervient, Lithuania. Shubrick, William Branford (1790-1874) US naval officer, born on Bull's I, South Carolina, USA. Shull, Clifford G. 1915-2001 physicist, educator; born in Pittsburgh, Pa. After earning his B.S. Shultz, George P(ratt) (1920- ) US statesman, born in New York City, USA. Shumway, Norman (Edward) (1923- ) Cardiac surgeon, born in Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA. Shuster, George (Nauman) (1894-1977) Writer and educator, born in Lancaster, Wisconsin, USA. Shute, Nevil, (1899-1960) Writer, born in London, UK. He studied at Oxford... Shyamalan, M. Night 1970- Director, screenwriter, actor. Born Manoj Night Shyamalan... Shy Boy 1995- Shy Boy, the horse that came in from the wild...

20 Sibelius, Jean (Julius Christian) (1865-1957) Composer, born in Tavastehus, S Finland. He turned from law to music... Sibley, Dame Antoinette (1939- ) Dancer, born in Bromley, S Greater London, UK. Sibley, Henry Hastings (1811-91) Public official, born in Detroit, Michigan, USA. Siccardi, Giuseppe (1802-57) Jurist and politician, born in Verzuolo, Piedmont, NW Italy. Sickels, Frederick Ellsworth (1819-95) Engineer and inventor, born near Camden, New Jersey, USA. Sickert, Walter (Richard) (1860-1942) Artist, born in Munich, SE Germany. Sickingen, Franz von (1481-1523) Knight, born in Ebernburg, W Germany. Sickles, Daniel (Edgar) (1825-1914) US soldier and US representative, born in New York City, New York... Siddons, Sarah, (1755-1831) Actress, born in Brecon, Powys, E Wales, UK... Sidgwick, Henry (1838-1900) Philosopher, born in Skipton, North Yorkshire, N England, UK. Sidgwick, Nevil Vincent (1873-1952) Chemist, born in Oxford, Oxfordshire, SC England, UK. Sidmouth (of Sidmouth), Henry Addington, 1st Viscount (1757-1844) British statesman and prime minister (1801-4), born in London, UK. Sidney, Algernon (1622-83) English politician, born in Penshurst, Kent, SE England, UK. Sidney, Sir Philip (1554-86) Poet, statesman, soldier, and courtier, born in Penshurst, Kent... Siebelink, Jan (1938- ) Writer, born in Velp, E Netherlands. A teacher of French... Sieber, Al (1844-1907) Army scout, born in Baden, Germany. Siebert, Muriel (?1930- ) Stockbroker and educator, born in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Siebold, Karl Theodor Ernst von (1804-85) Zoologist, born in Würzburg, SC Germany... Siebold, Philipp Franz von (1796-1866) Physician and botanist, born in Würzburg, SC Germany. Sieff (of Brimpton), Israel Moses Sieff, Baron (1889-1972) Commercial executive, born in Manchester, Greater Manchester... Siegbahn, Kai (Manne Börje) (1918- ) Physicist, born in Lund, E Sweden, the son of Manne Siegbahn. Siegbahn, (Karl) Manne (Georg) (1886-1978) Physicist, born in Örebro, SC Sweden. Siegel and Shuster Strip cartoonists: Jerry Siegel (1914-96), born in Cleveland... Siegel, Bugsy 1906-1947 Gangster. Born Benjamin Siegel, on February 28, 1906, in Brooklyn... Siegen, Ludwig von (1609-c.1675) Painter, engraver, and inventor, born in Utrecht, The Netherlands. Siegmeister, Elie (1909-91) Composer, born in New York City, New York, USA. Sielmann, Heinz (1917- ) Naturalist and nature film photographer, born in Königsberg... Siemens, (Ernst) Werner von (1816-92) Electrical engineer, born in Lenthe, NC Germany (formerly Prussia)... Siemens, Sir (Charles) William (1823-83) Electrical engineer and metallurgist, born in Lenthe, NC Germany... Sienkiewicz, Henryk (Adam Alexander Pius) (1846-1916) Novelist, born in Wola Okrzejska, E Poland. He studied at Warsaw... Sierpinski, Waclaw (1882-1969) Mathematician, born in Warsaw, Poland. Sieyès, Emmanuel Joseph, comte de (Count of) (1748-1836) French political theorist and clergyman, born in Fréjus... Sigismund (1368-1437) Holy Roman Emperor (1433-7), probably born in Nuremberg, SC Germany... Signac, Paul (1863-1935) Artist, born in Paris, France. Signorelli, Luca (c.1441-1523) Painter, born in Cortona, C Italy. He painted many frescoes at Loreto... Signoret, Simone (1921-85) Actress, born in Wiesbaden, WC Germany... Sigourney, Lydia, (1791-1865) Poet, born in Norwich, Connecticut, USA. Sigurdsson, Jón (1811-79) Scholar and statesman, born in Hrafnseyri, NW Iceland. Sigurjónsson, Jóhann (1880-1919) Playwright and poet, born in Laxamýri, N Iceland. Sihanouk, Prince Norodom (1922- ) Cambodian leader, born in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Sikorski, Wladyslaw (Eugeniusz) (1881-1943) Polish general, statesman, and prime minister (1922-3)... Sikorsky, Igor (Ivan) (1889-1972) Aeronautical engineer, the inventor of the helicopter, born in Kiev... Silcox, Ferdinand Augustus (1882-1939) Forester and conservationist, born in Columbus, Georgia, USA. Silhouette, Etienne de (1709-67) French statesman. A parsimonious minister of finance in 1759... Silius Italicus (c.25-101) Roman poet and politician. Silko, Leslie, (1948- ) Writer and poet, born in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA. Silkwood, Karen 1946-1974 Nuclear facility technician, union activist. Born February 19, 1946... Sillanpää, Frans Eemil (1888-1964) Novelist, born in Hämeenkyrö, SW Finland. Silliman, Benjamin, Jr (1816-85) Chemist and geologist, born in New Haven, Connecticut, USA. Silliman, Benjamin, Sr (1779-1864) Chemist and geologist, born in Trumbull, Connecticut, USA.

21 Sillitoe, Alan (1928- ) Novelist, born in Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, C England, UK. Sills, Beverley, (1929- ) Operatic soprano, born in New York City, USA. Siloé, Diego de (1495-1563) Castilian sculptor. Silone, Ignazio (1900-78) Novelist and journalist, born in Aquilo, EC Italy. Silva, Feliciano de (1492?-1558?) Novelist, born in Ciudad Rodrigo, W Spain. Silvela, Manuel (1781-1832) Playwright and historian, born in Valladolid, NWC Spain. Silver, Abba Hillel (1893-1963) Rabbi and Zionist leader, born in Sirvintos, Lithuania. Silver, Horace (Ward Martin Tavares) (1928- ) Jazz musician, born in Norwalk, Connecticut, USA. Silverman, Sime (1873-1933) Newspaper publisher, born in Cortland, New York, USA. Silverman, Sydel (1933- ) Anthropologist, born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Silvers, Phil, (1912-85) Comic actor, born in New York City, USA. Silverstein, Shel(by), (1932-1999) Poet, cartoonist, and composer, born in Chicago, Illiinois, USA. Silvert, Kalman H(irsch) (1921-76) Political scientist, born in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, USA. Silvia, (1943- ) Queen of Sweden (1976- ), born in Heidelberg, SWC Germany... Sima Guang (1019-86) Chinese statesman-historian, opponent of the reformer Wang Anshi. Simak, Clifford (Donald) (1904-88) Science fiction writer, born in Milville, Wisconsin, USA. Sim, Alastair (1900-76) Actor, born in Edinburgh, EC Scotland, UK. Simancas, Diego de (fl.1525-75) Autobiographer, born in Córdoba, S Spain. Sima Qian (c.145-c.87 BC) Historian, born in Lung-men, EC China. Simenon, Georges (Joseph Christian) (1903-89) Master of the crime novel, born in Liège, E Belgium. Simeon, Charles (1759-1836) Evangelical clergyman, born in Reading, S England, UK. Simeon Stylites, St (387-459) The earliest of the Christian ascetic ‘pillar’ saints. Simic, Charles (1938- ) Poet, born in Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Simkhovitch, Mary (Melinda) (1867-1951) Social reformer, born in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA. Simmel, Georg (1858-1918) Sociologist and philosopher, born in Berlin, Germany. Simmel, Johannes Mario (1924- ) Writer, born in Vienna, Austria. He worked as an interpreter... Simmonds, Kennedy A(lphonse) (1936- ) Prime minister of St Kitts and Nevis (1983-95). Simmons, Al(oysius Harry), (1902-56) Baseball player, born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. Simmons, Furnifold (McLendel) (1854-1940) US senator, born in Jones Co, North Carolina, USA. Simmons, Jean (1929- ) Film actress, born in London, UK. Simmons, Richard 1948- Fitness guru. Born July 12, 1948, in New Orleans, Louisiana. Simms, William Gilmore (1806-70) Writer, born in Charleston, North Carolina, USA. Simnel, Lambert (c.1475-c.1535) Pretender to the throne, the son of a joiner. Simon, Carly 1945- Singer-songwriter, children's book writer; born in New York City. Simon, Claude (Eugène Henri) (1913- ) Novelist, born in Tananarive, C Madagascar. He was educated at Paris... Simond, Paul Louis (1858-1947) Bacteriologist, born in Beaufort-sur-Gervanne, Drôme, France. Simonds, Ossian Cole (1855-1926) Landscape architect, born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA. Simone, Nina (1933-2003) Jazz singer, pianist, and composer, born in Tryon, North Carolina... Simon, Herbert A(lexander) (1916-2001) Social scientist and economist, born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. Simonides of Ceos (c.556-c.468 BC) Poet, born in Iulis on the island of Ceos. He travelled extensively... Simon Magus (1st-c) Practitioner of magic arts, who appears in Samaria c.37... Simon, (Marvin) Neil (1927- ) Playwright, born in New York City, New York, USA. Simon, Norton (Winfred) (1907-93) Businessman and art collector, born in Portland, Oregon, USA. Simon (of Stackpole Elidor), John (Allsebrook) Simon, 1st Viscount (1873-1954) British statesman and lawyer, born in Manchester, Greater Manchester... Simonov, Konstantin Kirill Mikhailovich (1915-79) Russian writer and journalist. Simon, Paul 1942- Singer, songwriter. Born October 13, 1941, in Newark, New Jersey. Simon, Richard (1638-1712) Theologian and biblical scholar, born in Dieppe, NW France. Simon, Richard (Leo) (1899-1960) Publisher, born in New York City, New York, USA. With his friend... Simon, Sir Francis (Eugen) (1893-1956) Physicist, born in Berlin, Germany. Simon, William (Edward) (1927-2000) Financier and US cabinet member, born in Paterson, New Jersey, USA.

22 Simon, Yves (René Marie) (1903-61) Philosopher, born in Cherbourg, France. Simpson, Alan Kooi (1931- ) US senator, born in Denver, Colorado, USA. Simpson, George Gaylord (1902-84) Palaeontologist, born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Simpson, Joanne Malkus (1923- ) Meteorologist, born in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Simpson, N(orman) F(rederick) (1919- ) Playwright, born in London, UK. Simpson, O(renthal) J(ames) (1947- ) Player of American football, born in San Francisco, California, USA. Simpson, Robert (Wilfred Levick) (1921-97) Composer and writer, born in Leamington, Warwickshire, C England, UK. Simpson, Sir George (c.1787-1860) Explorer and administrator, born in Lochbroom, Highland, N Scotland... Simpson, Sir George (Clarke) (1878-1965) Meteorologist, born in Derby, Derbyshire, C England, UK. Simpson, Sir James Young (1811-70) Obstetrician, born in Bathgate, West Lothian, EC Scotland, UK. Simpson, Thomas (1710-61) Mathematician, born in Nuneaton, Warwickshire, C England, UK. Simpson, Thomas (1938-67) Cyclist, born in Easington, Durham, NE England, UK. Sims, James Marion (1813-83) Gynaecologist, born in Lancaster Co, South Carolina, USA. Simson, Eduard Martin von (1810-99) German politician and lawyer, born in Königsberg... Sims, William (Sowden) (1858-1936) US naval officer, born in Port Hope, Ontario, SE Canada. Sinatra, Frank 1915-1998 Singer, film actor. Born Francis Albert Sinatra, in Hoboken... Sinclair, Sir Clive (Marles) (1940- ) British electronic engineer and inventor. Sinclair, Sir Keith (1922-93) Historian and author, born in Auckland, New Zealand. Sinclair, Upton (Beall, Jr) (1878-1968) Social reformer and novelist, born in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Sinden, Sir Donald (Alfred) (1923- ) Actor, born in Plymouth, Devon, SW England, UK. Sindermann, Horst (1915-90) German politician, born in Dresden, E Germany. Singer, Esther, (1892-1954) Yiddish novelist, born in Radzymin, E Poland... Singer, Isaac Bashevis (1904-91) Yiddish writer, born in Radzymin... Singer, Isaac M(erritt) (1811-75) Inventor and manufacturer, born in Pittstown, New York, USA. Singer, Israel J(oshua) (1893-1944) Writer, born in Bilgorai, Poland... Singer, June Kurlander (1918- ) Psychologist, born in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Singer, Peter (Albert David) (1946- ) Philosopher, born in Melbourne, Victoria, SE Australia. Singer, S(eymour) J(onathan) (1924- ) Cell biologist, born in New York City, New York, USA. Singh, V(ishwanath) P(ratap) (1931- ) Indian statesman and prime minister (1989-90), born in Allahabad... Singleton, Charles S(outhward) (1909-85) Translator, writer, and educator, born in McLoud, Oklahoma, USA. Sinise, Gary 1955- Actor, director, producer. Born March 17, 1955in Blue Island... Sinisgalli, Leonardo (1908-81) Poet, born in Montemurro, Basilicata, S Italy. An engineer... Sinnott, Edmund W(are) (1888-1968) Botanist and educator, born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. Siqueiros, David Alfaro (1896-1974) Mural painter, born in Chihuahua, N Mexico. Siraj-ud-Daula (c.1732-57) Ruler of Bengal under the nominal suzerainty of the Mughal empire. Sirhan, (Bishara) Sirhan (c.1943- ) Assassin of Senator Robert Kennedy, born in Palestine. Sirica, John (Joseph) (1904-92) Judge, born in Waterbury, Connecticut, USA. Siskel, Gene 1946-1999 Popular film columnist and critic. Born Eugene Kal Siskel... Siskind, Aaron (1903-91) Teacher and photographer, born in New York City, New York, USA. Sisler, George (Harold) (1893-1973) Baseball player, born in Manchester, Ohio, USA. Sisley, Alfred 1839-1899 Painter. Born October 30, 1839, in Paris, France, to English parents. Sissle, (Lee) Noble (1889-1975) Lyricist and singer, born in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Sithole, Reverend Ndabaningi (1920-2000) Zimbabwean politician and clergyman, born in Nyamandhlovu... Sitsky, Larry (1934- ) Composer, pianist, and teacher, born in Tientsin, E China. Sitter, Willem de (1872-1934) Astronomer, born in Sneek, The Netherlands. He studied at Groningen... Sitting Bull, (c.1831-90) Hunkpapa Sioux leader and medicine man... Sitwell, Dame Edith (Louisa) (1887-1964) Poet and critic, born in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, N England, UK... Sitwell, Sir (Francis) Osbert (Sacheverell) (1892-1969) Writer, born in London, UK... Sitwell, Sir Sacheverell (1897-1988) Poet and art critic, born in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, N England... Six, Jan (1618-1700) Member of a Flemish patrician family which moved from St Omer...

23 Six, Les A group of composers united for about six years after 1917 to further... Six, Robert (Forman) (1907-86) Airline executive, born in Stockton, California, USA. Sixtus IV, (1414-84) Pope (1471-84), a former Franciscan preacher, born in Cella Ligure... Sixtus V, (1520-90) Pope, born in Grottammare, Marche, E Italy. Sizer, Theodore R(yland) (1932- ) Educator, born in New Haven, Connecticut, USA. Sjahrir, Sutan (1909-66) Indonesian nationalist and lawyer, born in Padang Pandjang, Sumatra. Sjöström, Victor (1879-1960) Film actor and director, born in Silbodal, Sweden. Skalkottas, Nikos or Nikolaus (1904-49) Composer, born in Khalkis, Greece. Skallagrímsson, Egill (c.910-990) Poet and warrior, born in Iceland. Skanderbeg (1405-68) Albanian patriot, the son of a prince of Emathia. Skeat, W(alter) W(illiam) (1835-1912) Philologist, born in London, UK. He studied at Christ's College... Skelton, John (c.1460-1529) Satirical poet, born in Norfolk, E England, UK. Skelton, Red, (1913-97) Entertainer, born in Vincennes, Indiana, USA. Skinner, B(urrhus) F(rederic) (1904-90) Psychologist, educator, and writer, born in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania... Skinner, James (1778-1841) Soldier of Eurasian origin in the Indian army. Skinner, Otis (1858-1942) Stage actor, born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. Skobtsova, Maria (1891-1945) Russian Orthodox nun, born in Riga, Latvia. Skorzeny, Otto (1908-75) Soldier, born in Vienna, Austria. He joined the Nazi Party in 1930... Skou, Jens C (1918- ) Chemist, born in Lemvig, W Denmark. He studied at Aarhus University... Skram, (Bertha) Amalie, (1846/7-1905) Novelist, born in Bergen, SW Norway. After an unhappy childhood... Skum, Nils Nilsson (1872-1951) Artist of the Sami (Lapp) people. Slade, Felix (1790-1868) Antiquary and art collector, born in Halsteads, Yorkshire, N England... Slaney, Mary, (1958- ) Track athlete, born in Bunnvale, New Jersey, USA. Slataper, Scipio (1888-1915) Writer, born in Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, NE Italy. Slater, Christian 1969- Actor, director, producer. Slater, John C(larke) (1900-76) Physicist, born in Oak Park, Illinois, USA. Slater, Samuel (1768-1835) Mechanical engineer, the founder of the US cotton industry... Slatkin, Leonard (1944- ) Conductor, born in Los Angeles, California, USA. Slattery, John (Richard) (1851-1926) Catholic religious leader, born in New York City, New York, USA. Slauerhoff, Jan Jacob (1898-1936) Poet and novelist, born in Leeuwarden, N Netherlands. Sleep, Wayne (1948- ) Dancer and choreographer, born in Plymouth, Devon, SW England, UK. Slessor, Kenneth (Adolf) (1901-71) Poet and journalist, born in Orange, New South Wales, SE Australia. Slessor, Mary (1848-1915) Presbyterian missionary, born in Aberdeen, NE Scotland, UK. Slessor, Sir John (Cotesworth) (1897-1979) British air-marshal, born in Ranikhet, NE India. Slevogt, Max (1868-1932) Impressionist painter and engraver, born in Landshut, SE Germany. Slick, (Wing) Grace (1939- ) Rock singer and songwriter, born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Slidell, John (1793-1871) US senator and diplomat, born in New York City, New York, USA... Slim (of Yarralumia and of Bishopston), William (Joseph) Slim, 1st Viscount (1891-1970) British field marshal, born in Bristol, SW England, UK. Slingeland, Simon van (1664-1736) Dutch statesman, born in Dordrecht, W Netherlands. Slipher, Vesto Melvin (1875-1969) Astronomer, born in Mulberry, Indiana, USA. Sliwa, Curtis 1954- social activist; born in New York City. Sloan, Alfred P(ritchard), Jr (1875-1966) Industrialist and philanthropist, born in New Haven, Connecticut, USA. Sloan, Eric, (1905-85) Illustrator, painter, and writer, born in New York City, New York... Sloane, Sir Hans (1660-1753) Physician, born in Killyleagh, Co Down, SE Northern Ireland, UK. Sloan, James Forman, (1873-1933) Jockey, born in Kokomo, Indiana, USA. Sloan, John (French) (1871-1951) Artist, born in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania, USA. Sloan, Samuel (1815-84) Architect, born in Beaver Dam, Pennsylvania, USA. Sloat, John Drake (1781-1867) US naval officer, born in Goshen, New York, USA. Slocum, Henry Warner (1827-94) US soldier, lawyer, and US representative, born in Delphi, New York... Slocum, Joshua (1844-c.1910) Mariner, adventurer, and writer, born in Wilmot Township, Nova Scotia...

24 Slonimsky, Nicolas (1894-95) Conductor, composer, and musicologist, born in St Petersburg, Russia. Slosson, Edwin Emery (1865-1929) Chemist and writer, born in Albany (now Sabetha), Kansas, USA. Slovo, Joe (1926-95) South African political leader, born in Lithuania. Sluter, Claus or Claes (c.1350-c.1405) Sculptor, probably born in Haarlem, The Netherlands. Smale, John (Gray) (1927- ) Corporate executive, born in Listowel, Ontario, Canada. Smale, Stephen (1930- ) Mathematician, born in Flint, Michigan, USA. Small, Albion W(oodbury) (1854-1926) Sociologist, born in Buckfield, Maine, USA. Smalley, Richard E (1943- ) Chemist, born in Akron, Ohio, USA. He studied at Princeton University... Smalls, Robert (1839-1915) Civil War hero, sailor, and US representative, born in Beaufort... Smeal, Eleanor (Marie Cutri) (1939- ) Social activist, born in Astabula, Ohio, USA. Smeaton, Bruce (James) (1938- ) Composer for film and television, born in Brighton, Victoria... Smeaton, John (1724-94) Civil engineer, born in Austhorpe, West Yorkshire, N England, UK. Smedley, Agnes (1894-1950) Journalist and social activist, born in Osgood, Missouri, USA. Smellie, William (1740-95) Editor, printer, and antiquary, born in Edinburgh, EC Scotland, UK. Smelser, Neil J(oseph) (1930- ) Sociologist, born in Kahoka, Missouri, USA. Smetana, Bedrich (1824-84) Composer, born in Litomyšl, C Czech Republic (formerly Bohemia... Smibert, John (1688-1751) Painter, born in Edinburgh, EC Scotland, UK. Smidt, Johann (1773-1857) German politician, born in Bremen, NW Germany. Smiles, Samuel (1812-1904) Writer and social reformer, born in Haddington, East Lothian... Smiley, Jane (1952- ) Novelist, born in Los Angeles, California, USA. Smillie, James (1807-85) Engraver, born in Edinburgh, EC Scotland, UK. Smillie, Wilson George (1886-1971) Epidemiologist, born in Eaton, Colorado, USA. Smirke, Sir Robert (1781-1867) British architect, the son of Robert Smirke (1752-1845)... Smith, Adam 1723-1790 Economist and moral philosopher. Born June 5, 1723, in Kirkcaldy... Smith, Alexander (1865-1922) Physical chemist and educator, born in Edinburgh, EC Scotland, UK. Smith, Alfred E(manuel), (1873-1944) Political leader, born in New York City, New York, USA. Smith, Bessie (c.1895-1937) Blues singer, born in Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA. Smith, Bruce (1892-1955) Police consultant and criminologist, born in Brooklyn, New York, USA. Smith, Buffalo Bob, (1917- ) Puppeteer and radio producer, born in Buffalo, New York, USA. Smith, Cloethiel Woodard (1910-93) Architect, born in Peoria, Illinois, USA. Smith, C(yrus) R(owlett) (1899-1990) Aircraft executive, born in Minerva, Texas, USA. Smith, Dame Maggie 1934- Actress. Born December 28, 1934 in Ilford, Essex, England. Smith, David Eugene (1860-1944) Mathematician, born in Cortland, New York, USA. Smith, David (Roland) (1906-65) Sculptor, born in Decatur, Indiana, USA. Smith, Delia (1941- ) Television chef and writer, born in Woking, Surrey, SE England, UK. Smith, Dodie, (1896-1990) Playwright, novelist, and theatre producer, born in Whitefield... Smith, Edgar Fahs (1854-1928) Chemist and educator, born in York, Pennsylvania, USA. Smith, Edmund Kirby (1824-93) US soldier, born in St Augustine, Florida, USA. Smith, Eli (1801-57) Missionary and translator, born in Northford, Connecticut, USA. Smith, Elias (1769-1846) Protestant clergyman and writer, born in Lyme, Connecticut, USA. Smith, Ellison DuRant, (1866-1944) US senator, born near Lynchburg, South Carolina, USA. Smith, Fred(erick Wallace) (1944- ) Entrepreneur, born in Marks, Mississippi, USA. As a junior at Yale... Smith, George (1824-1901) Publisher, born in London, UK. Smith, George O(tis) (1871-1944) Geologist, born in Hodgdon, Maine, USA. Smith, Gerrit (1797-1874) Philanthropist and reformer, born in Utica, New York, USA. Smith, Hamilton (Othanel) (1931- ) Molecular biologist, born in New York City, USA. Smith, Harold Dewey (1898-1947) Public administrator, born in Haven, Kansas, USA. Smith, Harry 1951- BIOGRAPHY anchor. Born August 21, 1951, in Lansing, Illinois. Smith, Hedrick (1933- ) Journalist and Slavic specialist, born in Scotland... Smith, Henry (John Stephen) (1826-83) Mathematician, born in Dublin, Ireland. He studied at Balliol College...

25 Smith, Holland M(cTyeire) (1882-1967) US marine officer, born in Seale, Alabama, USA. Smith, Horton (1908-63) Golfer, born in Springfield, Ohio, USA. Smith, Howard K(ingsbury), Jr (1914-2002) Television correspondent and presenter, born in Ferriday, Louisiana... Smith, Howard (Worth) (1883-1876) US representative, born in Broad Run, Virginia, USA. Smith, Ian (Douglas) (1919- ) Rhodesian politician and prime minister (1964-79), born in Selukwe... Smithies, Arthur (1907-81) Economist, born in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. Smith, Jaclyn 1947- Actress, model. Born October 26, 1947, in Houston, Texas. Smith, James McCune (1813-65) Physician, born in New York City, New York, USA. Smith, Jedediah (Strong) (1798-1831) Explorer and fur trader, born in Bainbridge, New York, USA. Smith, Jessie Carney (1930- ) Librarian, born in Greensboro, North Carolina, USA. Smith, John (1580-1631) Explorer, adventurer, and colonist, born in Lincolnshire, E England... Smith, John (1938-94) British politician, born in Dalmally, Argyll and Bute, W Scotland, UK. Smith, John Stafford (1750-1836) Composer, and musical scholar, born in Gloucester, Gloucestershire... Smith, Joseph (1805-44) Founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the... Smith, J(oseph) Russell (1874-1966) Geographer, born near Lincoln, Virginia, USA. Smith, Kate, (1909-86) Singer, born in Greenville, Virginia, USA. Smith, (Lloyd) Logan Pearsall (1865-1946) Writer, born in Millvale, New Jersey, USA. Smith, Maria Ann (c.1801-70) Orchardist, born in Australia. Smith, Merriam (1913-70) Journalist, born in Savannah, Georgia, USA. Smith, Nathan (1762-1829) Physician, surgeon, and medical educator, born in Rehoboth... Smith, Oliver (Lemuel) (1918-94) Set designer, born in Waupun, Wisconsin, USA. Smith, Ozzie, (1954- ) Baseball player, born in Mobile, Alabama, USA. Smith, Patti (Lee) (1946- ) Rock singer and songwriter, born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Smith, Red, (1905-82) Journalist, born in Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA. Smith, Reginald Heber (1889-1966) Lawyer, born in Fall River, Massachusetts, USA. Smith, Robert (1757-1842) Secretary of the navy and secretary of state, born in Lancaster... Smith, (Robert) Harvey (1938- ) Show-jumper, born in Bingley, West Yorkshire, N England, UK. Smith, Rodney, (1860-1947) Evangelist, born of nomadic Gypsy parents near Epping Forest, Essex... Smith, Samuel Harrison (1772-1845) Journalist, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Smith, Seba, (1792-1868) Journalist and writer, born in Buckfield, Maine, USA. Smith, Sir Matthew Arnold Bracy (1879-1959) Artist, born in Halifax, West Yorkshire, N England, UK. Smith, Sir Ross Macpherson (1892-1922) Aviator, born in Semaphore, Adelaide, South Australia. Smith, Sir Sydney Alfred (1883-1969) Forensic medical expert, born in Roxburgh, New Zealand. Smith, Sir William (1854-1914) Businessman, and founder of the Boys' Brigade, born near Thurso... Smithson, James Louis Macie (1765-1829) Chemist, and founder of the Smithsonian Institution, born in Paris... Smithson, Robert (1938-73) Land artist, born in Passaic, New Jersey, USA. Smith, Sophia (1796-1870) Philanthropist, born in Hatfield, Massachusetts, USA. Smith, Stephen (1823-1922) Surgeon and public-health pioneer, born in Onondaga Co, New York, USA. Smith, Stevie, (1902-71) Poet and novelist, born in Hull, NE England, UK. Educated in London... Smith, Sydney (1771-1845) Clergyman, essayist, and wit, born in Woodford, Essex, SE England, UK. Smith, Sydney Goodsir (1915-75) Poet, born in Wellington, New Zealand, the son of Sydney Alfred Smith. Smith, Theobald (1859-1934) Microbiologist and immunologist, born in Albany, New York, USA. Smith, Thomas (fl.1650-90) Painter, birthplace unknown. Smith, T(homas) Lynn (1903-76) Sociologist, born in Sanford, Colorado, USA. Smith, Tommie (1944- ) Sprinter, born in Clarksville, Tennessee, USA. Smith, Tony, (1912-80) Sculptor, painter, and architect, born in South Orange, New Jersey... Smith, Vernon L (1934- ) Economist, born in Wichitaw, Kansas, USA. Smith, Walter Bedell (1895-1961) US soldier and diplomat, born in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Smith, Will 1968- Actor, rap musician. Born Willard Smith, on September 25, 1968...

26 Smith, William (1769-1839) Civil engineer, born in Churchill, Oxfordshire, SC England, UK. Smith, W(illiam) Eugene (1918-78) Photojournalist, born in Wichita, Kansas, USA. Smith, W(illiam) H(enry) (1825-91) Newsagent, bookseller and statesman, born in London, UK... Smith, William Henry (1792-1865) British newsagent. Smith, William (Loughton) (1758-1812) US representative and ambassador, born in Charleston, South Carolina... Smith, Winthrop (Hiram, Jr) (1949- ) Financial services executive, born in New York City, New York, USA. Smits, Jimmy 1955- Actor. Born July 9, 1955, in Brooklyn, New York. Smoholla (?1815-1907) Wanapum religious leader... Smollett, Tobias (George) (1721-71) Novelist, born in Cardross, Argyll and Bute, W Scotland, UK. Smoot, George Fitzgerald, III (1945- ) Astrophysicist, born in Yukon, Florida, USA. Smoot, Reed (Owen) (1862-1941) US senator, born in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. Smothers Brothers Musicians, comedians... Smuts, Jan (Christiaan) (1870-1950) South African general, statesman, and prime minister (1919-24... Smyslov, Vasily Vasiliyevich (1921- ) Chess player, and world champion (1957-58), born in Moscow, Russia. Smyth, Dame Ethel Mary (1858-1944) Composer and suffragette, born in London, UK. She studied at Leipzig... Smythe, Francis Sydney (1900-49) Mountaineer, born in Maidstone, Kent, SE England, UK. Smythe, Pat(ricia), (1928-96) Show jumper, born in Switzerland. Smythe, Reg(inald Smith) (1917-98) Strip cartoonist, the creator of Andy Capp, born in Hartlepool... Smyth, Herbert Weir (1857-1938) Classicist, born in Wilmington, Delaware, USA. Smythson, Robert (c.1535-1614) English architect. Trained as a mason... Snagge, John (Derrick Mordaunt) (1904-96) British broadcaster. He studied at Oxford... Snead, Sam(uel Jackson), (1912-2002) Golfer, born in Hot Springs, Virginia, USA. Snell, Bertrand Hollis (1870-1958) US representative, born in Colton, New York, USA. Snell, George D(avis) (1903-96) Immunogeneticist, born in Bradford, Massachusetts, USA. Snell, Peter (1938- ) Athlete, born in Opunake, Taranaki, New Zealand. Snell, Willebrod van Roijen, (1580-1626) Mathematician, born in The Netherlands. Snider, Duke, (1926- ) Baseball player, born in Los Angeles, California, USA. Snipes, Wesley 1962- Actor, producer. Born July 31, 1962 in Orlando, Florida. Snodgrass, W(illiam) D(e)W(itt), (1926- ) Poet and writer, born in Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania, USA. Snow, Carmel White (1887-1961) Editor, born near Dublin, Ireland. Snow, C(harles) P(ercy) Snow, Baron (1905-80) Novelist and physicist, born in Leicester, Leicestershire, C England... Snowden, Frank (Martin), Jr (1911- ) Classicist, born in York Co, Virginia, USA. Snowdon, Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of (1930- ) Photographer and designer, born in London, UK. Snow, Edgar (Parks) (1905-72) Journalist and writer, born in Kansas City, Missouri, USA. Snow, John (1813-58) Anaesthetist and epidemiologist, born in York, North Yorkshire... Snow, Peter (John) (1938- ) Broadcaster and writer, born in Dublin, Ireland. He studied at Oxford... Snyder, Gary (Sherman) (1930- ) Poet, born in San Francisco, California, USA. Snyder, Hartland S(weet) (1913-62) Physicist, born in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. Snyders, Frans (1579-1657) Painter, born in Antwerp, N Belgium. Snyder, Solomon (Halbert) (1938- ) Psychiatrist, born in Washington, District of Columbia, USA. Soames (of Fletching), (Arthur) Christopher (John) Soames, Baron (1920-87) British statesman. He trained at Sandhurst Military Academy... Soane, Sir John (1753-1837) Architect, born in Goring, Oxfordshire, SC England, UK. Soares, Mario (Alberto Nobre Lopez) (1924- ) Portuguese politican, prime minister (1976-8, 1983-5)... Sobers, Gary (1936- ) Cricketer, born in Barbados. A great West Indian all-rounder... Sobieski, Leelee 1982- Actress. Born Liliane Sobieski, on June 10, 1982, in New York City. Sobukwe, Robert Mangaliso (1924-78) African nationalist leader, born in Graaff-Reinet, S South Africa. Socinus, Faustus (1539-1604) Protestant reformer... Socinus, Laelius (1525-62) Protestant reformer, born in Siena, C Italy. Socrates (469-399 BC) Greek philosopher, born in Athens, Greece. Soddy, Frederick (1877-1956) Radiochemist, born in Eastbourne, East Sussex, SE England, UK.

27 Söderberg, Hjalmar (Erik Fredrik) (1869-1941) Novelist and short-story writer, born in Stockholm, Sweden. Soderbergh, Steven 1963- Film director, screenwriter, producer. Born January 14, 1963... Söderblom, Nathan (1866-1931) Lutheran archbishop, born in Trönö, Sweden. Södergran, Edith (Irene) (1892-1923) Expressionist poet, born in St Petersburg, NW Russia. Söderström, Elisabeth (Anna) (1927- ) Soprano, born in Stockholm, Sweden. Sodoma, il (1477-1549) Religious and historical painter, born in Vercelli, Duchy of Savoy. Soffici, Ardengo (1879-1964) Painter and writer, born in Rignano sull'Arno, Tuscany, NC Italy. Sokolow, Anna (1910-2000) Modern dancer, choreographer, and teacher, born in Hartford... Solal, Martial (1927- ) Jazz pianist and composer, born in Algiers, Algeria. Solario, Antonio (c.1382-1455) Painter, born in Civita, in the Abruzzi, C Italy. Soldati, Mario (1906-99) Writer and film director, born in Turin, Piedmont, N Italy. Soldner, Paul (1921- ) Ceramist, born in Summerfield, Illinois, USA. Solecki, Ralph (Stefan) (1917- ) Anthropologist, born in New York City, New York, USA. Soler, Antonio (1729-83) Composer, born in Olat, Gerona, NE Spain. Soler, Bartolomé (1894- ) Novelist and autobiographer, born in Sabadell, Catalunya, NE Spain. Solomon (1902-88) Pianist, born in London, UK. Solomon (10th-c BC) King of Israel, the second son of David and Bathsheba. Solomon, Hannah Greenebaum (1858-1942) Social reformer and clubwoman, born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Solomon, John (William) (1931- ) British croquet player. Solon (7th-6th-c BC) Athenian statesman, law-giver, and poet. As chief archon... Soloveitchik, Joseph Ber (1903-93) Rabbi and scholar, born in Pruzhany, Belarus (formerly, Poland). Solovyev, Vladimir Sergeyevich (1853-1900) Philosopher, theologian, and poet, born in Moscow, Russia. Solow, Robert (Merton) (1924- ) Economist, born in New York City, New York, USA. Solti, Sir Georg (1912-97) Conductor, born in Budapest, Hungary. Solvay, Ernest (1838-1922) Industrial chemist, born in Rebecq-Rognon, C Belgium. Solzhenitsyn, Alexander Isayevich 1918- Writer. Born December 11, 1918 in Koslovodsk... Somerset, Edward Seymour, Duke of, (c.1506-52) English soldier and statesman, the brother of Jane Seymour. Somers (of Evesham), John Somers, Baron (1651-1716) English statesman, born in Worcester, Hereford and Worcester... Somers, Sir George (1554-1610) English colonist, a founder of the South Virginia Company. Somervell, Brehon Burke (1892-1955) US soldier and businessman, born in Little Rock, Arkansas, USA. Somervell, Sir Arthur (1863-1937) Composer, born in Windermere, Cumbria, NW England, UK. Somerville, Edith (Anna Oenone), (1858-1949) Novelist, born in Corfu, Greece, the daughter of an army officer. Somerville, Mary (1780-1872) Scientific writer, born in Jedburgh, Scottish Borders, SE Scotland... Somerville, Sir James (Fownes) (1882-1949) British naval commander. Sommerfeld, Arnold (Johannes Wilhelm) (1868-1951) Physicist, born in Königsberg, Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia). Somoza (García), Anastasio (1896-1956) Nicaraguan dictator, born in San Marcos, W Nicaragua. Somoza y Muñoz, José (1781-1852) Poet, and historical novelist, born in Piedrahita, Ávila... Sondheim, Stephen (Joshua) (1930- ) Composer and lyricist, born in New York City, New York, USA. Song Ziwen (1894-1971) Chinese diplomat and financier, born in Shanghai, E China. Sonneborn, Tracy M(orton) (1905-81) Geneticist, born in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Sonnenschein, Rosa (1847-1932) Editor, born in Hungary. Sonnino, (Giorgio) Sidney, barone (Baron) (1847-1922) Italian statesman, and prime minister of the Kingdom of Italy (1906... Son of Many Beads, (c.1866-1954) Navaho leader, born near Glenwood, New Mexico, USA. Sonoy or Snoey, Diederik (1529-97) Dutch nobleman born in Kalkar, Cleves, W Germany. Sontag, Susan (1933- ) Critic and writer, born in New York City, New York, USA. Sontheimer, Kurt (1928- ) Political theorist, born in Gernsbach, SW Germany. Soper, Alexander (Coburn, III) (1904-93) Architectural historian, born in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Soper, Donald (Oliver) Soper, Baron (1903-98) Methodist minister, born in London, UK. Sophia (1630-1714) Electress of Hanover, born in The Hague, The Netherlands... Sophia (1818-77) Queen of the Netherlands, born in Stuttgart, SW Germany...

28 Sophia Alexeyevna (1657-1704) Regent of Russia (1682-9), born in Moscow, Russia... Sophie Charlotte (1668-1705) Queen of Prussia, born in Bad Iburg, W Germany. Sophocles (c.496-406 BC) Greek tragic playwright, born in Colonus Hippius. He wrote 123 plays... Sophonisba (?-c.204 BC) Noblewoman, the daughter of a Carthaginian general. Sopwith, Sir Thomas (Octave Murdoch) (1888-1989) Aircraft designer and sportsman, born in London, UK. Sorabji, Kaikhosru Shapurji (1892/5-1988) Composer, pianist, and polemical essayist, born in Chingford, Essex... Soraya (1932-2001 ) Ex-queen of Persia, born in Isfahan, WC Iran... Sorbon, Robert de (1201-74) Theologian, and founder of the Sorbonne, born in Sorbon, N France. Sorby, Henry Clifton (1826-1908) Geologist and metallurgist, born in Woodbourne, South Yorkshire... Sorel, Georges (1847-1922) Social philosopher, born in Cherbourg, NW France. Sorensen, Charles (1881-1968) Engineer and automobile executive, born in Copenhagen, Denmark. Sörensen, Sören (Peter Lauritz) (1868-1939) Danish biochemist. He studied chemistry at Copenhagen... Sorenson, Theodore (Chaikin) (1928- ) Lawyer and government official, born in Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. Sorgdrager, Winnie (1948- ) Dutch politician and lawyer, born in The Hague, W Netherlands. Sorge, Reinhard Johannes (1892-1916) Writer, born in Rixdorf, Berlin, Germany. He studied law in Jena... Sorin, Edward (Frederick) (1814-93) Religious leader, born in Ahuillé, France. Ordained in 1838... Sorokin, Pitirim A(lexandrovich) (1889-1968) Sociologist, born in Turia, NW Russia. Sorolla i Bastida, Joaquim (1863-1923) Painter, born in Cabanyal, Valencia, E Spain. Sorolla y Bastida, Joaquin (1863-1923) Painter, born in Valencia, E Spain. Soros, George (1930- ) Financier and philanthropist, born in Budapest, Hungary. Sorsa, (Taisto) Kalevi (1930- ) Finnish statesman and prime minister (1972-5, 1977-9, 1982-7)... Sorvino, Mira 1968- Actress. Born September 28, 1968, in Tenafly, New Jersey. Sorvino, Paul 1939- Actor. Born April 13, 1939, in Brooklyn, New York... Sosigenes of Alexandria (1st-c BC) Astronomer and mathematician who advised Julius Caesar on calendar... Sotheby, John (1740-1807) Auctioneer and antiquarian. He was the nephew of Samuel Baker... Sothern, Edward Askew (1826-81) Actor, born in Liverpool, Merseyside, NW England, UK. Sottsass, Ettore, Jr (1917- ) Architect and designer, born in Innsbruck, W Austria. Soufflot, Jacques Germain (1713-80) Architect, born in Irancy, France. He trained in Italy (1731-8)... Soulages, Pierre (1919- ) Painter, born in Rodez, SC France. Soult, Nicolas Jean de Dieu (1769-1851) French marshal, born in Saint-Amans-la-Bastide, S France. Soupault, Philippe (1897-1990) Poet and novelist, born in Chaville, NC France. Souphanouvong, Prince (1909-95) Laotian politician and state president (1975-87)... Sousa, John Philip (1854-1932) Composer and bandmaster, born in Washington, District of Columbia... Soustelle, Jacques (-Emile) (1912-90) French politician and anthropologist, born in Montpellier, S France. Soutar, William (1898-1943) Poet, born in Perth, Perth and Kinross, E Scotland, UK. Souter, David H(ackett) (1939- ) Judge, born in Melrose, Massachusetts, USA. Southampton, Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of (1573-1624) Courtier, born in Cowdray, Sussex, S England, UK. Southcott, Joanna (c.1750-1814) Religious fanatic, born in Dorset, S England, UK. In c. Southerne, Thomas (1660-1746) Play